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CVLT-II
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The California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II) (Delis et al. 2000) is a widely used verbal learning and memory test. The current version requires recalling and recognition of two lists of words over immediate and delayed trials. List A includes 16 words administered over five trials. List B (interference), which is also 16 words, is administered once after List A. Short-delay free recall and cued recall are administered after List B. A 20-min delay follows the short-delay recalls, an interval filled by nonverbal testing. Long-delay free recall, long-delay cued recall, and yes/no-recognition trials of List A items follow the 20-min delay. A revision of the CVLT-II is the addition of a forced choice recognition after a 10-min delay following the yes/no trial.
Another modification of the CVLT-II is the inclusion of a short form (nine words) and an alternate form. The short form was created for the purpose of screening or for patients who may have more severe...
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Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (1987). The California verbal learning test: Research edition, adult version. San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation.
Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (1993). The California verbal learning test for children. San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation.
Delis, D. C., Kramer, J. H., Kaplan, E., & Ober, B. A. (2000). The California verbal learning test – second edition. San Antonio: The Psychological Corporation.
Elwood, R. W. (1995). The California verbal learning test: Psychometric characteristics and clinical application. Neuropsychology Review, 5(3), 173–201.
Norman, M., Evans, J., Miller, W., & Heaton, R. (2010). Demographically corrected norms for the California verbal learning test. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 22, 80–94.
Woods, S., Delis, D., Scott, J., Kramer, J., & Holdnack, J. (2006). The California verbal learning test-second edition: Test-retest reliability, practice effects, and reliable change indices for the standard and alternate forms. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 21, 413–420.
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Editorial Addendum: The text below pertains primarily to the CVLT-II (2000). While this edition of the Encyclopedia was in preparation, the CVLT-3 was published. The new version has two parallel forms of 16 items each and a 9-item brief form. The former follow the same format and employ the same content as the CVLT-II described below, while the latter consists of 4 learning trials followed by a short-delay free recall trial (NB: there is no short-delay cued recall) and long-delay recall without and with categorical cueing. The test can also be administered in digital format. This version was normed on 700 individuals aged 16–90 years. The Manual states that the test was updated in several ways including development of additional intrusion and yes/no recognition memory measures, use of scaled score metric to permit comparison with performance on other tests that employ scaled scores, addition of index scores in standard score format. The Manual characterizes alternate form reliability as “robust” and similar to figures obtained with the earlier version of the test. There is discussion concerning the matter of demographic adjustments and the use of the CVLT-3 as a measure of “performance validity.” Chapter 6 of the Manual offers a detailed review of studies from 1999 to 2017 that used a version of the CVLT to study patterns of performance in a wide variety of clinical groups. As would be expected, the bibliography is quite extensive. At this time, the test is too new for additional studies beyond that of the standardization sample to have appeared in the peer-reviewed literature.
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Yi, A. (2018). California Verbal Learning Test (California Verbal Learning Test-II). In: Kreutzer, J.S., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1112
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1112
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