Definition
Narcolepsy is classified in the ICSD-3 under central disorders of hypersomnolence. With the ICSD-3 narcolepsy is divided into narcolepsy type 1 and narcolepsy type 2 rather than narcolepsy with and without cataplexy. Narcolepsy type 1 is caused by a deficiency of hypothalamic hypocretin signaling. Patients show low or undetectable hypocretin-1 in CSF. Some patients with narcolepsy type 2 will have low or undetectable hypocretin-1 in CSF and should be reclassified as narcolepsy type 1 even if cataplexy is absent. Underlying causes in other patients with narcolepsy type 2 are unknown.
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American Academy of Sleep Medicine. (2014). International classification of sleep disorders (3rd ed.). Chicago: American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
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Locke, D. (2017). Narcolepsy. In: Kreutzer, J., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_260-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_260-2
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