Synonyms

Acetylaspartic acid; NAA

Definition

N-acetylaspartic acid (NAA) is synthesized in the brain from the amino acid aspartic acid and acetyl coenzyme A. NAA is present exclusively in the nervous system and is one of the most highly concentrated chemicals in the brain. It is concentrated in neuron cell bodies but also in oligodendrocytes. NAA is involved in fluid balance in the brain, serves as a source of acetate for myelin synthesis in oligodendrocytes, is a precursor for the synthesis of N-acetylaspartylglutamate, and contributes to energy production in neuronal mitochondria.

Current Knowledge

NAA is used in studies using magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging because it emits the strongest signal in the brain, and NAA levels are decreased in many neuropathological conditions, including traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer’s disease. It is unknown if changes in NAA levels in these conditions are etiological or secondary to other factors. Canavan’s disorder is a congenital disorder of NAA metabolism. Increased levels of NAA have been reported to be related to working memory performance (Kozlovskiy et al. 2012).

Cross-References