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Confidentiality is the duty owed the client, whereas privilege is the legal right held by the client, as a function of statute (in most states), with certain exceptions (mandatory reporting, express or implicit waiver, duty to protect, duty to warn; AAFP 1991). It serves as an immunity from disclosure for conversations that take place within the context of a protected relationship, such as that between an attorney and a client, a husband and wife, a priest and penitent, and a doctor (e.g., neuropsychologist) and patient. In Jaffee v. Redmond (1995), the US Supreme Court recognized a psychotherapist-patient privilege in federal common law. The Court, however, failed to define the parameters of the privilege and left the refinement of the common-law definition for the lower federal courts to make on a case-by-case basis. The Court’s decision in Jaffee v. Redmonddemonstrates the intention to establish a strong psychotherapist-patient privilege. Courts...
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References and Readings
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Jaffe. v. Redmond 51 F.3d 1346, 1357 (7th Cir. 1995).
Kaufmann, P. M. (2009). Protecting raw data and psychological tests from wrongful disclosure: A primer on the law and other persuasive strategies. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 23, 1130–1159.
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Heilbronner, R.L. (2017). Privilege. In: Kreutzer, J., DeLuca, J., Caplan, B. (eds) Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_1017-2
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