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Diet-Induced Epigenetic Modifications and Implications for Intestinal Diseases

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Handbook of Nutrition, Diet, and Epigenetics

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Abstract

Epigenetic modifications, such as post-translational modifications of histones, DNA methylation, and microRNA expression, are involved in gene transcription changes in the cells in response to environmental signals. It is now clear that particular phenotypes are the consequences of environmental effects on epigenetic marks. In this chapter, we describe the interactions existing between environment and epigenetic marks. Among the environmental factors, we’ll specially focus on diet, through different examples such as the effect of diet on bee cast formation, on microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acid concentration in the gut, and the consequences on epigenetic marks. Finally, we describe the link that exists between diet and epigenetic modifications in the context of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). So far, epigenetic marks have been poorly investigated in the context of IBD, but it has recently become an expanding field of research since new data raise crucial role for epigenetic modifications in the etiology of IBD.

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Abbreviations

BPA:

Bisphenol A

CD:

Crohn’s Disease

DNMT:

DNA-Methyltransferase

DSS:

Dextran Sodium Sulfate

EWAS:

Epigenome Wide Association Study

GPR43:

G-protein Coupled Receptors 43

HC:

Healthy Controls

HDAC:

Histone Deacetylase

HFD:

High-Fat Diet

HPTM:

Histone Post-Translational Modification

IAP:

Intracisternal A Particle

IBD:

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

IEC:

Intestinal Epithelial Cells

KAT2B:

Lysine Acetyltransferase 2B

SCFA:

Short-Chain Fatty Acid

SNP:

Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism

UC:

Ulcerative Colitis

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. M2iSH, Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRA 2018, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    Elodie Gimier, Nicolas Barnich & Jérémy Denizot

Authors
  1. Elodie Gimier
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  2. Nicolas Barnich
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  3. Jérémy Denizot
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jérémy Denizot .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, UK

    Vinood B. Patel

  2. Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Research Division, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK

    Victor R. Preedy

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Gimier, E., Barnich, N., Denizot, J. (2019). Diet-Induced Epigenetic Modifications and Implications for Intestinal Diseases. In: Patel, V., Preedy, V. (eds) Handbook of Nutrition, Diet, and Epigenetics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55530-0_117

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55530-0_117

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

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