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Cutaneous Melanoma pp 1–46Cite as

Melanoma Prevention and Screening

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Abstract

Primary and secondary prevention of melanoma are critical to reducing incidence and mortality rates. Primary prevention is focused on reducing the key established modifiable risk factor – exposure to ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from the sun and indoor tanning, which is responsible for the majority of cutaneous melanoma in light-skinned populations. Therapeutic prevention, also termed “chemoprevention,” is a type of primary prevention to avert the development of melanoma at the outset, using safe and tolerable oral or systemic agents, the ideal one(s) which have yet to be defined. Secondary prevention efforts are focused on early detection strategies to detect cutaneous melanoma in its earliest stages, enhancing the likelihood of cure. Screening for melanoma, either by the individual (i.e., skin self-examination) or by the health-care provider, is likely to detect melanoma earlier, though a reduction of melanoma mortality has not yet been observed in most screening efforts worldwide. Technological and molecular advances in bedside melanoma diagnosis may aid screening efforts in the future.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, Pigmented Lesion and Melanoma Program, Stanford University Medical Center and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA

    Susan M. Swetter

  2. Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA

    Alan C. Geller

  3. Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA

    Sancy A. Leachman

  4. Departments of Medicine, Dermatology and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    John M. Kirkwood

  5. Department of Medicine, University Lübeck, Institute for Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Lübeck, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

    Alexander Katalinic

  6. Departments of Surgical Oncology and Cancer Biology, Melanoma and Skin Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Jeffrey E. Gershenwald

Authors
  1. Susan M. Swetter
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  2. Alan C. Geller
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  3. Sancy A. Leachman
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  4. John M. Kirkwood
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  5. Alexander Katalinic
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  6. Jeffrey E. Gershenwald
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Susan M. Swetter .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA

    Charles Balch

  2. Division of Surgery, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Jeffrey Gershenwald

  3. Melanoma Institute of Australia, Wollstonecraft, Australia

    John Thompson

  4. Georgetown Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

    Michael Atkins

  5. Melanoma and Skin Cancer Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

    John Kirkwood

  6. University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Richard Kefford

  7. Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA

    Arthur Sober

  8. Department of Dermatology, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, NY, USA

    Allan Halpern

  9. Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

    Claus Garbe

  10. Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown NSW, Australia

    Richard Scolyer

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Swetter, S.M., Geller, A.C., Leachman, S.A., Kirkwood, J.M., Katalinic, A., Gershenwald, J.E. (2019). Melanoma Prevention and Screening. In: Balch, C., et al. Cutaneous Melanoma. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46029-1_6-1

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