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Atlas of Dermatology, Dermatopathology and Venereology pp 1–20Cite as

Histiocytoses

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Abstract

The histiocytoses are a group of disorders characterized by accumulation of variable number of monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells in affected tissues of children and adults. Many different subtypes have been described with a wide range of clinical features and histopathological changes.

Langerhans cell histiocytoses include spectrum of clinical manifestation ranging from self-healing lesions to life-threatening disseminated disease. Juvenile xanthogranuloma is the most common type of non-Langerhans cells histiocytoses, and some other subtypes may show overlapping features. Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma, Rosai-Dorfman disease, Erdheim-Chester disease, and multicentric reticulohistiocytosis are characterized by systemic involvement. Infiltrating cells of malignant histiocytoses show cancerous changes. The diagnosis of histiocytoses is based on clinical findings in combination with histopathological analysis identifying tissue infiltration by histiocytes with ultrastructural and immunophenotypic characteristics of cells. Various different chemotherapeutic agents, lasers, cryotherapy, and radiofrequency ablation have shown variable success in the treatment of histiocytoses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Consultant Dermatologist, SkinEva Clinic, Jaipur, India

    Sunil K. Kothiwala

  2. Department of Dermatology, Katihar Medical College, Katihar, India

    Piyush Kumar

  3. North Bengal Medical College, Darjeeling, India

    Rajesh Kumar Mandal

Authors
  1. Sunil K. Kothiwala
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  2. Piyush Kumar
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  3. Rajesh Kumar Mandal
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Sunil K. Kothiwala , Piyush Kumar or Rajesh Kumar Mandal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Univ of Rochester School of Med, Rochester, NY, USA

    Bruce Smoller

  2. Khorramshahr, Iran

    Nooshin Bagherani

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Kothiwala, S.K., Kumar, P., Mandal, R.K. (2019). Histiocytoses. In: Smoller, B., Bagherani, N. (eds) Atlas of Dermatology, Dermatopathology and Venereology . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45134-3_84-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45134-3_84-2

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-45134-3

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Chapter history

  1. Latest

    Histiocytoses
    Published:
    06 July 2019

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45134-3_84-2

  2. Original

    Histiocytoses
    Published:
    16 October 2018

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45134-3_84-1

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