Synonyms
Cameron erosions; Cameron lesions
Definition
Cameron lesions are benign, superficial, and linear erosions or ulcers associated with gastroesophageal hiatal hernia, generally large hernias. They are named in tribute of Adrian J Cameron who in 1986 first described these lesions as a cause of anemia in patients with hiatal hernias. The lesions are located in the proximal body of the stomach at the end of the hernia, near the diaphragmatic impression. They are thought to be caused primarily by mechanical trauma and local ischemia caused by the repeated movements of the diaphragm against the hernia. Secondarily, acid and pepsin may perpetuate the lesions. They are a rare cause of overt gastric bleeding; however, they are a common cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding and of ferropenic anemia in patients with hiatal hernias.
Clinical Features
Incidence
Cameron lesions are uncommon, with an estimated incidence of 5% in patients with hiatal hernia. The risk is around 10–20% when...
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Byron, C., & Stuart, J. S. (2010). Peptic ulcer disease. Sleisenger & Fordtran’s gastrointestinal and liver disease. (9th ed.). Saunders: Elsevier.
Cameron, A. J., & Higgins, J. A. (1986). Linear gastric erosion. A lesion associated with large diaphragmatic hernia and chronic blood loss anemia. Gastroenterology, 91, 338–342.
Maganty, K., & Smith, R. L. (2008). Cameron lesions: Unusual cause of gastrointestinal bleeding and anemia. Digestion, 77, 214–217.
Moskovitz, M., Fadden, R., Min, T., Jansma, D., & Gavaler, J. (1992). Large hiatal hernias, anemia, and linear gastric erosion: Studies of etiology and medical therapy. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 87, 622–626.
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Pimentel-Nunes, P., Marcos-Pinto, R., Dinis-Ribeiro, M. (2017). Cameron’s Ulcer. In: Carneiro, F., Chaves, P., Ensari, A. (eds) Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1688
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1688
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Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40559-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40560-5
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