Synonyms
Campylobacter pylori gastritis; Chronic antral gastritis; Diffuse antral gastritis; Helicobacter pylori gastritis; Multifocal gastritis; Superficial gastritis; Type B gastritis
Definition
Chronic gastritis refers to chronic inflammatory diseases of the stomach, which range from mild superficial involvement of the gastric mucosa to severe atrophy. Generally, chronic atrophic gastritis is divided into Autoimmune Metaplastic Atrophic Gastritis (AMAG) or type A gastritis and Environmental Metaplastic Atrophic Gastritis (EMAG) or type B gastritis mostly caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. This entry discusses especially EMAG/chronic H. pylori associated gastritis; for AMAG, the reader is referred to the entry “autoimmune gastritis.”H. pylori gastritis is a chronic infectious form of gastritis caused by spiral, flagellated gram-negative rods and characterized by superficial chronic active gastritis.
Clinical Features
H. pyloriinfection is probably the most common cause of...
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References and Further Reading
Capelle, L. G., de Vries, A. C., Haringsma, J., Ter Borg, F., de Vries, R. A., Bruno, M. J., et al. (2010). The staging of gastritis with the OLGA system by using intestinal metaplasia as an accurate alternative for atrophic gastritis. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 71, 1150–1158.
Dixon, M. F., Genta, R. M., Yardley, J. H., & Correa, P. (1996). Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney System. International Workshop on the Histopathology of Gastritis, Houston 1994. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 20(10), 1161–1181.
Odze, R. D., & Goldblum, J. R. (2009). Surgical pathology of the GI tract, liver, biliary tract, and pancreas (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier.
Rocha, G. A., Queiroz, D. M., Mendes, E. N., Barbosa, A. J., Lima Junior, G. F., & Oliveira, C. A. (1991). Helicobacter pylori acute gastritis: Histological, endoscopical, clinical, and therapeutic features. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 86(11), 1592–1595.
Rugge, M., & Genta, R. M. (2005). Staging and grading of chronic gastritis. Human Pathology, 36(3), 228–233.
Rugge, M., Correa, P., Di Mario, F., El-Omar, E., Fiocca, R., Geboes, K., et al. (2008). OLGA staging for gastritis: A tutorial. Digestive and Liver Disease, 40, 650–658.
Sipponen, P. (2001). Update on the pathologic approach to the diagnosis of gastritis, gastric atrophy, and Helicobacter pylori and its sequelae. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology, 32(3), 196–202.
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van der Post, C.R.S., Carneiro, F. (2017). Chronic Gastritis. In: Carneiro, F., Chaves, P., Ensari, A. (eds) Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1610
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1610
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