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Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract pp 359–362Cite as

Imperforate Anus

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Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Pathology ((EP))

Synonyms

Anorectal malformation

Definition

Imperforate anus can be defined as the defect of the development of the lowest portion of intestinal and urogenital tracts. Imperforate anus is a result of cloacal membrane imperforation. Anus and rectum develop from dorsal portion of the hindgut by forming urorectal septum which separates rectum and anal canal from bladder and urethra. It is believed to complete by the 7th week of gestation. The anus develops from anal tubercles and proctodeum, the external invagination which communicates with proximal parts after disintegration of anal membrane at 8th weeks’ gestation. The cause and genetic background for abnormal development is not fully elucidated, and no definite risk factors are known. As a result, rectum opens in abnormal locations in the perineum or female genitals. Stenosis, occlusive membranes, or agenesis of rectum and anal canal ensue with or without fistulas in perineal skin, urethra, prostate, bladder, vulva, or vagina.

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References and Further Reading

  • Fenoglio-Preiser, C., et al. (1999). Gastrointestinal pathology plus: An atlas and text. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

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  • Mirza, B., Ijaz, L., Sharif, M., & Sheikh, A. (2011). Anorectal malformations in neonates. African Journal of Paediatric Surgery, 8, 151–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pena, A. (1995). Anorectal malformations. Seminars in Pediatric Surgery, 4, 35–47.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rosen, N. G., & Cuffari, C. (2012). Pediatric imperforate anus. In Medscape reference drugs, diseases & procedures. www.emedicine.medscape.com/article/929904-clinical.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Histopathology Unit, Medical Center for Postgraduate Education, Roentgena 5, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland

    Andrzej Mróz

Authors
  1. Andrzej Mróz
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Andrzej Mróz .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Medicine of Porto University, Centro Hospitalar São João and Ipatimup/i3S, Porto, Portugal

    Fátima Carneiro

  2. Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa de Francisco Gentil, Lisbon, Portugal

    Paula Chaves

  3. Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal

    Paula Chaves

  4. Department of Pathology, Ankara University Medical School, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey

    Arzu Ensari

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Cite this entry

Mróz, A. (2017). Imperforate Anus. In: Carneiro, F., Chaves, P., Ensari, A. (eds) Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1493

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1493

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40559-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40560-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

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