Synonyms
Allergic colitis (proctitis or proctocolitis); Milk-protein proctocolitis
Definition
Eosinophilic colitis is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by the presence of a dense eosinophilic infiltration in the colon that can be segmental or diffuse (Fig. 1). It may affect children as well as adults. Three different types must be distinguished: primary eosinophilic colitis, which belongs to the family of primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGID), secondary eosinophilic colitis, and colitis in the framework of the hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Secondary eosinophilic colitis is observed in a variety of diseases such as idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), parasitic and helminthic infections with Strongyloides stercoralis, Enterobius vermicularis, and drug-associated colitis. Drugs involved include clozapine, carbamazepine, gold salts, rifampicin, antiplatelet agents, tacrolimus, and naproxen. Other associations include vasculitis (Churg-Strauss),...
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References and Further Reading
Casella, B., Villanaci, V., Fisogni, S., Cambareri, A. E., Di Bellas, C., Corazzi, N., Gorlas, S., Baldini, V., & Bassotti, G. (2009). Colonic left-side increase of eosinophils: A clue to drug-related colitis in adults. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 29, 535–541.
Gaertner, W. B., MacDonald, J. E., Kwaan, M. R., Shepela, C., Madoff, R., Jessurun, J., & Melton, G. B. (2011). Eosinophilic colitis: University of Minnesota experience and literature review. Gastroenterology Research and Practice, 2011, 857508.
Nguyen, T., Gernez, Y., Fuentebella, J., Patel, A., Tirouvanziam, R., Reshamwala, N., Bass, D., Berquist, W. E., Cox, K. L., Kerner, J. A., & Nadeau, K. C. (2011). Immunophenotyping of peripheral eosinophils demonstrates activation in eosinophilic esophagitis. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 53, 40–47.
Pascal, R. R., Gramlich, T. L., Parker, K. M., & Gansler, T. S. (1997). Geographic variations in eosinophil concentration in normal colonic mucosa. Modern Pathology, 10, 363–365.
Polydorides, A. D., Banner, B. F., Hannaway, P. J., & Yantiss, R. K. (2008). Evaluation of site-specific and seasonal variation in colonic mucosal eosinophils. Human Pathology, 39, 832–836.
Powell, N., Walker, M. M., & Talley, N. J. (2010). Gastrointestinal eosinophils in health, disease and functional disorders. Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 7, 146–156.
Rothenberg, M. (2004). Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGID). The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 113, 11–28.
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Geboes, K. (2017). Eosinophilic Colitis. In: Carneiro, F., Chaves, P., Ensari, A. (eds) Pathology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1439
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40560-5_1439
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