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Vascular Networks Within 3D Printed and Engineered Tissues

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3D Printing and Biofabrication

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Biomedical Engineering ((TIENRE))

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Abstract

In order to scale benchtop tissue mimics into viable constructs of clinically relevant dimensions, these structures must contain internal vascular networks to support convective mass transport. Without vessels to support perfusion culture, encapsulated cells located farther than 200 μm from the outer surface of a construct will quickly die due to the diffusional limits of oxygen and small molecule nutrients. By endowing artificial tissues with hollow vessels, researchers have made exciting progress towards the longitudinal maintenance of cellular function in large, dense tissues. But the field currently lacks standardized platforms and protocols to fabricate highly vascularized constructs in a rapid and cost-effective manner, which has left the literature base to become crowded with custom apparatus and diverse technical schemes. Here we highlight some promising, contemporary strategies for the vascularization of 3D printed and engineered tissues. We discuss the advantages and limitations of various fabrication platforms in the field, making note of desirable properties such as high spatial resolution, freely tunable 3D architecture, and the presence of discrete fluidic ports. With clinical targets in mind, this overview concludes with a brief survey of progress towards fluidic integration with the circulatory system in vivo.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA

    Daniel Sazer & Jordan Miller

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  1. Daniel Sazer
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  2. Jordan Miller
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Correspondence to Daniel Sazer .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Group Inst. of Materials Science a. Techology, Technische Universität Wien Group Inst. of Materials Sci. a. Techn., Wien, Austria

    Aleksandr Ovsianikov

  2. Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA

    James Yoo

  3. 3D Bioprinting Solutions (3D Bio) , Moscow, Russia

    Vladimir Mironov

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Sazer, D., Miller, J. (2017). Vascular Networks Within 3D Printed and Engineered Tissues. In: Ovsianikov, A., Yoo, J., Mironov, V. (eds) 3D Printing and Biofabrication. Reference Series in Biomedical Engineering(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40498-1_23-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40498-1_23-1

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