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Kanerva’s Occupational Dermatology pp 1–27Cite as

Acrylic Resins

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Abstract

Contact allergy to acrylic resin monomers is most often induced by artificial nails, anaerobic glues, and dental products, which usually contain aliphatic methacrylates. Patients exposed to methacrylate products commonly have allergic reactions to a large number of different methacrylates. 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA), ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), and 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (2-HPMA) are the most commonly positive, due to the strong cross-allergy between them. Other commonly positive methacrylates include ethyl methacrylate (EMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TREGDMA), and tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA). Patients have not necessarily been exposed to all patch test-positive methacrylates.

Some products contain mostly aliphatic acrylates, e.g., UV-cured printing inks, lacquers, paints, varnishes, and glues. Contact allergy to acrylates is relatively rare. The main aliphatic acrylate allergens in these products include tripropyleneglycol diacrylate (TPGDA), and dipropyleneglycol diacrylate (DPGDA). Exposure to acrylates does usually not lead to cross-allergy to methacrylates.

Dental composite resins, UV-curable printing inks, and some glues contain epoxy acrylates such as bis-GMA and bis-GA. Most of the reactions to epoxy acrylates are cross-allergies to epoxy resin – about 20% of epoxy resin allergic patients react to some epoxy acrylates. Specific allergy to epoxy acrylates is rare, and diagnosis requires testing with the specific compound(s).

Cyanoacrylates and acrylamide derivatives are also rare independent allergens, which cannot be screened by other acrylic compounds, e.g., 2-HEMA.

Allergic contact dermatitis from acrylic resins typically affects the fingertips.

Risk occupations include beauticians (nail technicians), assemblers of machines and mechanical devices, dentists, dental nurses, dental technicians, printers, painters, and workers in paint factories.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Occupational Medicine, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41b, FI-00250, Helsinki, Finland

    Kristiina Aalto-Korte

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  1. Kristiina Aalto-Korte
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Correspondence to Kristiina Aalto-Korte .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Niedersachsen, Germany

    Swen Malte John

  2. Department of Dermato-allergology, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark

    Jeanne Duus Johansen

  3. Dept. of Dermatology and Allergology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Thomas Rustemeyer

  4. Dept. of Dermatology and Allergology, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Thüringen, Germany

    Peter Elsner

  5. Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA

    Howard I. Maibach

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Aalto-Korte, K. (2017). Acrylic Resins. In: John, S., Johansen, J., Rustemeyer, T., Elsner, P., Maibach, H. (eds) Kanerva’s Occupational Dermatology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40221-5_50-2

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