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Impact of Low-Salt Diet

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  • First Online:
Handbook of Famine, Starvation, and Nutrient Deprivation

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Abstract

Studies in experimental animals and in groups of humans and epidemiological studies have shown that the sodium chloride or salt (sodium, Na, NaCl) plays an important role mainly in the regulation of blood pressure and represents an important environmental factor involved in the genesis of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, salt intake in the population has been a constant concern. Variable blood pressure responses to different content in sodium intake are found in experimental hypertension models and in humans, and the reasons for such heterogeneity are not fully elucidated. The reduction of dietary sodium intake is recommended by public health as one of the non-medicated treatments for hypertension and consequently reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, some studies have demonstrated side effects of salt dietary restriction, reporting changes in glucose metabolism (hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance), and these alterations are gender and time specific in experimental and population studies.

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Abbreviations

CHD:

Coronary heart disease

CI:

Confidence interval

CKD:

Chronic kidney disease

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

HOMA-IR:

Homeostasis model of assessment

LS:

Low-salt diet

RAAS:

Renin angiotensin aldosterone system

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Experimental Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, 3 andar, sala 3342, 01246-903, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Flávia Ramos de Siqueira, Karin Carneiro de Oliveira, Joel Claudio Heimann & Luzia Naôko Shinohara Furukawa

Authors
  1. Flávia Ramos de Siqueira
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  2. Karin Carneiro de Oliveira
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  3. Joel Claudio Heimann
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  4. Luzia Naôko Shinohara Furukawa
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luzia Naôko Shinohara Furukawa .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Diabetes & Nutritional Sci Div Sch, King's College London, London, United Kingdom

    Victor Preedy

  2. Clinical Biochemistry, University of Westminster, Westminster, United Kingdom

    Vinood B. Patel

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de Siqueira, F.R., de Oliveira, K.C., Heimann, J.C., Furukawa, L.N.S. (2017). Impact of Low-Salt Diet. In: Preedy, V., Patel, V. (eds) Handbook of Famine, Starvation, and Nutrient Deprivation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40007-5_68-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40007-5_68-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40007-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40007-5

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