Synonyms
Definitions
Population decline: a decline in aggregate birthrate of a population
Introduction
“Every human society is faced not with one population problem but with two: how to beget and rear enough children and how not to beget too many.” M. Mead, 1950
At “the turn of the twenty-first century, fertility decline and sub replacement fertility have become widespread” (Morgan and Taylor 2006). All first-world countries reproduce below the 2.1% replacement rate (Last 2013:8). According to UN projections, by 2050, 75% of all countries in the world will have below replacement rate fertility (Last 2013:26). Falling birthrates create greater challenges than population growth. One of the stiffest headwinds slowing recovery from the global financial crisis is demographics (Ip 2015). “There is no precedent in human history for economic growth on declining human capital” (Last 2013: 36).
Demographic Transition Theory
Two demographic...
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References
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Felker, L., Trogen, P. (2016). Pro-natal Responses to National Decline. In: Farazmand, A. (eds) Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_2852-1
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