Abstract
The first relation between design practices and anticipation studies is related to the use of scenarios and their capability to shape possible futures. Writing about scenarios in future studies is writing about myths of future. It is possible to imagine the characters and approaches that will shape and influence events. Design however has not adopted the futurist practice per se but has reshaped it narrating the areas of the possible through design approaches. Scenarios – being complexes of meta-information, maps open to different innovation paths that provide strategic direction but also formal, technological, and material suggestions (Celaschi, Dentro al progetto: appunti di merceologia contemporanea. In A. Deserti & F. Celaschi (Eds.), Design e Innovazione. Strumenti e pratiche per la ricerca applicata (pp. 1–50). Roma: Carocci Editore (Italian Edition only), 2007) – emerge as the most relevant tools that create, transfer, and allow sharing ideas of the futures within the design process.
Literature offers many definitions of future scenarios within the design field. They are considered as business prognostication tools (Schwartz, The art of the long view: Planning for the future in an uncertain world. New York: Currency Doubleday, 1991) or as strategic tools “to inform, validate and endorse design decisions, to define a strategy and to help decision makers” (Evans & Somerville, Designing tomorrow: A methodology for future orientated product design. Global Chinese industrial design conference 2005, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, Nov 2005. http://www.academia.edu/203838/Evans_M_and_Sommerville_S_2005_Designing_Tomorrow_A_Methodology_for_Future_Orientated_Product_Design._Global_Chinese_Industrial_Design_Conference_2005_Chang_Gung_University_Taiwan_November_2005. Accessed 10 Sept 2016, 2005).
The chapter offers a theoretical overview on scenarios literature, then focusing on design scenarios characteristics and application and offering a reading model of their objectives and outputs along a design process, thanks to the presentation of case studies from different productive fields – transportation, electronics and home appliances, and fashion, as emblematic cases. In particular, the discussion highlights stakeholders, approaches, and tools that shape typologies and functions of scenarios within the different design sectors and that articulate different perspectives on the anticipatory value of the design practice.
This chapter is part of the wider reflection on Design and Anticipation developed by other contributors to the Handbook of Anticipation. Please consider reading also the following chapters: Design Processes and Anticipation, Design Inquiry and Anticipation, and Anticipation in Built Environment Design.
The chapter is the result of a coordinated work, however paragraphs 1. Introduction, 5. Fashion and Anticipation: Cultural Embodiment and Negotiation and sub-paragraphs, and Ending Summary are authored by Chiara Colombi, while paragraphs 2. Categorizations of Scenarios: A Theoretical Overview and sub-paragraphs, 3. Automotive and Anticipation: The Role of Concept Cars, and 4. Electronics and Home Appliances: The Relation Between Future Technology and Social Paradigms are authored by Danila Zindato. In particular, the study of design scenarios as tools of anticipation to support the innovation processes in the fashion field is a research activity coordinated by Chiara Colombi within the research collective Fashion in Process, at Design department – Politecnico di Milano (http://www.fashioninprocess.com). The study of approaches and positioning of scenario building into the design process is the results of Danila Zindato’s doctoral research, “Design Scenarios. Approaches and Tools for Building the Future Within the Design Processes,” defended on March 2016 at Politecnico di Milano.
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Colombi, C., Zindato, D. (2017). Design Scenarios and Anticipation. In: Poli, R. (eds) Handbook of Anticipation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31737-3_52-1
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