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Hormones and Gastrointestinal Function of Newborns

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Neonatology

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Abstract

Development is a continuous process that does not stop after birth but progresses along a continuum. The intestinal absorptive process is only partially mature before 26 weeks of gestation, and gastroenteropancreatic peptides and hormones are secreted in a basal rate and can be completely stimulated or inhibited after delivery, in particular with the nutrient contact. A growing knowledge about this complex interplay among nutrients, gut peptides, and the gut under development is an important tool in the clinical care of preterm newborns. The investigation of this system in fetal and neonatal life is still ongoing. This chapter will review the data about secretion of gut peptides (GLP-1, GLP-2, oxyntomodulin, GIP, PYY, ghrelin, obestatin, motilin, and cholecystokinin) in the neonatal period with respect to full-term or preterm birth, weight status, and feeding conditions. More detailed studies on this topic could offer the physiological basis for correct nutritional supports to preterm infants as well as therapies for the necrotizing enterocolitis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Sciences, Division of Pediatrics, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy

    Flavia Prodam, Simonetta Bellone, Roberta Ricotti, Alice Monzani, Giulia Genoni, Enza Giglione & Gianni Bona

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  1. Flavia Prodam
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  2. Simonetta Bellone
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  3. Roberta Ricotti
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  4. Alice Monzani
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  5. Giulia Genoni
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  6. Enza Giglione
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  7. Gianni Bona
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Correspondence to Flavia Prodam .

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  1. Department of Pediatrics Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

    Giuseppe Buonocore

  2. Department of Pediatrics Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy

    Rodolfo Bracci

  3. Liverpool Women’s Hospital Neonatal Unit, Liverpool, UK

    Michael Weindling

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Prodam, F. et al. (2018). Hormones and Gastrointestinal Function of Newborns. In: Buonocore, G., Bracci, R., Weindling, M. (eds) Neonatology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29489-6_184

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