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Thyroid Diseases pp 1–31Cite as

Thyroid Autoantibodies

  • Living reference work entry
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Part of the book series: Endocrinology ((ENDOCR))

Abstract

Thyroid autoantibodies are directed predominantly against thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase and the TSH receptor, although other components of the thyroid cell may also be autoantigenic targets in a small proportion of patients. In terms of pathogenesis, any role for thyroglobulin or thyroid peroxidase antibodies is confined to the secondary phase of autoimmune destruction. In contrast, stimulating antibodies against the TSH receptor cause Graves’ disease, and, in a small proportion of patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism, blocking antibodies against the TSH receptor are responsible for the thyroid dysfunction. This chapter reviews the pathogenic role of thyroid antibodies in autoimmune thyroid disorders, describes the various methods used to detect these antibodies, and describes their clinical utility in diagnosis and patient management, including the use of thyroid antibody measurement in relation to pregnancy and the postpartum period. It also reviews the effect of thyroglobulin antibodies on the measurement of serum thyroglobulin and the consequences for the management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiovascular and Diabetes Research, University of Leeds, Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), LS2 9JT, Leeds, UK

    R. A. Ajjan

  2. School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, S10 2RX, Sheffield, UK

    A. P. Weetman

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  1. Department of Endocrinology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

    Paolo Vitti

  2. Department of Endocrinology and Metaboli, Odense Univeristy Hospital, Odense, Denmark

    Laszlo Hegedus

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Ajjan, R.A., Weetman, A.P. (2016). Thyroid Autoantibodies. In: Vitti, P., Hegedus, L. (eds) Thyroid Diseases. Endocrinology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29195-6_3-1

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