Definition
Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma is composed by cells with prominent cell membranes, wrinkled nuclei with perinuclear halos, and pale to eosinophilic cytoplasm.
Clinical Features
Most tumors are incidentally discovered, can be sporadic, or occur in Birt-Hogg-Dubè syndrome, which is an autosomal dominant genodermatosis due to the mutation in folliculin gene and characterized by the presence of multiple fibrofolliculomas on the skin, acrochordons, trichodiscomas, pulmonary cysts, and multifocal renal tumors.
Incidence
Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma accounts 5% of renal cell carcinoma.
Age
The mean age is 50–60 years.
Sex
There is no difference between male and female.
Site
There is no site predilection.
Treatment
Partial or radical nephrectomy is the surgical treatment of choice, whenever feasible.
Outcome
Most of chromophobe renal cell carcinomas show an indolent behavior.
Macroscopy
Grossly, it is a solid, well-circumscribed, unencapsulated neoplasm with a light brown...
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References and Further Reading
Brunelli, M., Eble, J. N., Zhang, S., Martignoni, G., Delahunt, B., & Cheng, L. (2005). Eosinophilic and classic chromophobe renal cell carcinomas have similar frequent losses of multiple chromosomes from among chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 10, and 17, and this pattern of genetic abnormality is not present in renal oncocytoma. Modern Pathology, 18(2), 161–169.
Delahunt, B., Sika-Paotonu, D., Bethwaite, P. B., McCredie, M. R., Martignoni, G., Eble, J. N., & Jordan, T. W. (2007). Fuhrman grading is not appropriate for chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 31(6), 957–960.
Martignoni, G., Pea, M., Chilosi, M., Brunelli, M., Scarpa, A., Colato, C., Tardanico, R., Zamboni, G., & Bonetti, F. (2001). Parvalbumin is constantly expressed in chromophobe renal carcinoma. Modern Pathology, 14(8), 760–767.
Przybycin, C. G., Cronin, A. M., Darvishian, F., Gopalan, A., Al-Ahmadie, H. A., Fine, S. W., Chen, Y. B., Bernstein, M., Russo, P., Reuter, V. E., & Tickoo, S. K. (2011). Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma: a clinicopathologic study of 203 tumors in 200 patients with primary resection at a single institution. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 35(7), 962–970.
Volpe, A., Novara, G., Antonelli, A., Bertini, R., Billia, M., Carmignani, G., Cunico, S. C., Longo, N., Martignoni, G., Minervini, A., Mirone, V., Simonato, A., Terrone, C., Zattoni, F., & Ficarra, V. (2012). Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC): oncological outcomes and prognostic factors in a large multicentre series. BJU International, 110(1), 76–83.
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Caliò, A., Segala, D., Martignoni, G. (2019). Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma. In: van Krieken, J. (eds) Encyclopedia of Pathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_4790-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_4790-1
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