Definition
Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BI-ALCL) is a very rare form of T-cell lymphoma that arises in association with various kinds of breast implants. In the recently revised WHO classification of hematological malignancies, BI-ALCL is introduced as a new provisional disease entity, distinct from the other types of ALCLs already recognized (Oishi 2018). While the morphological and immunophenotypical features of BI-ALCL are indistinguishable from those of systemic ALK-negative ALCL, the specificity of the newly described entity is its clinical presentation in association with and the vicinity of a breast implant.
Clinical Features
Incidence
A nationwide study based on the pathology registry in the Netherlands established that BI are associated with a markedly increased risk (400 times) of developing ALCL, but the absolute risk remains very small, estimated to one case for every...
References and Further Reading
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Letourneau, A., Maerevoet, M., Milowich, D., Dewind, R., Bisig, B., Missiaglia, E., & de Leval, L. (2018, 2018). Dual JAK1 and STAT3 mutations in a breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Virchow Archiv. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-018-2352-y.
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de Leval, L., Milowich, D. (2018). Breast Implant-Associated Malignant Lymphoma. In: van Krieken, J. (eds) Encyclopedia of Pathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_4743-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28845-1_4743-1
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