Definition
Problem solving refers to the process of identifying a gap between a desired goal state and a present state, and proposing and performing a set of operations or solutions in order to move toward the goal state. Generally, the solution to the problem is not immediately known and the process can involve multiple solutions and attempts to reach the intended goal. Problem solving involves a set of cognitive processes associated with problem definition, information gathering, analyzing, planning, and execution. An individual’s capacity to problem solve is influenced by a number of factors including cognitive ability, disposition, knowledge, and background.
Introduction
Problem solving involves a set of complex cognitive processes that require thinking and reasoning. A problem occurs when there is a goal that needs to be reached and there is not a clear path to achieving the goal (Mayer 2013). Problems can range in terms of type, complexity, strategy use, domain, and other...
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Willford, J.C. (2017). Problem-Solving. In: Zeigler-Hill, V., Shackelford, T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_993-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_993-1
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