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The term “Neo-Freudian” is routinely used in subtly different ways by those intimately familiar with the minutia of psychoanalysis (often used to group together one specific academic lineage) than by general commenters on the history of psychology (who use the term broadly to describe any dissenting heirs to Freud’s work).
When speaking in the broad sense, a “Neo-Freudian” is any theorist or psychoanalyst whose initial education or work was grounded in Sigmund Freud’s theory, but which later made a conspicuous departure from the Freudian model, most commonly in the form of resisting the purported role of infant psychosexuality or in expanding the role of social and cultural factors in the formation of personality. By this definition, many of the most famous Neo-Freudians were students and contemporaries of Freud, who departed his company on grounds of theoretical dissent, such as Alfred Adler and Carl Jung.
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Marsh, T. (2017). Neo-Freudians. In: Zeigler-Hill, V., Shackelford, T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8_1399-1
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