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Principles of Endocrinology and Hormone Action pp 1–33Cite as

The Endocrine Control of Human Pregnancy

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Endocrinology ((ENDOCR))

Abstract

The endocrinology of human pregnancy is dominated by multiple placental hormones that induce physiologic changes in the mother in favor of pregnancy. Hormones synthesized by the placenta include chorionic gonadotropin which prevents regression of the ovarian corpus luteum during the first several weeks of pregnancy and progesterone which promotes uterine quiescence. Placental somatotrophins such as placental lactogen and placental growth hormone generate maternal metabolic changes in the mother that are favorable to the fetus, though in some cases can contribute to gestational diabetes. In addition to metabolic changes, pregnancy can impact a wide range of other maternal endocrine systems including thyroid function and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The placenta is also an extremely vascular organ and thus also secretes several angiogenic factors, many of which may play a role in the development of pre-eclampsia. Understanding the broad and complex hormonal changes that occur in pregnancy is important understanding the pathophysiology of pregnancy and for clinicians who providers care to reproductive age women.

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  1. Kelly Kuo

    Present address: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA

    David Hackney

  2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, USA

    David Hackney

  3. Department of Reproductive Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA

    Sam Mesiano

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  1. Kelly Kuo
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  2. David Hackney
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Correspondence to Sam Mesiano .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy

    Antonino Belfiore

  2. Diabetes and Metabolism Clinical Researc, Clinical Research Institute at Rambam (C, Haifa, Israel

    Derek LeRoith

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Kuo, K., Hackney, D., Mesiano, S. (2016). The Endocrine Control of Human Pregnancy. In: Belfiore, A., LeRoith, D. (eds) Principles of Endocrinology and Hormone Action. Endocrinology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27318-1_26-1

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