Definition
The study of personality and political affiliation centers around the question whether and how personality accounts for individuals’ affiliation with political parties or ideas. A growing body of evidence indicates that political beliefs and attitudes are related to individual differences in broad personality dispositions, linked to genetic structures and neuropsychological functioning and driven by motivated cognition.
Introduction
Political affiliation is generally used as an umbrella term that subsumes different forms of individuals’ affiliation with political ideas, principles, or groups. We can distinguish between research on party affiliation or partisan identification and research on political attitudes or beliefs. There are different reasons to expect that personality is linked to the strength of identification with a political party or group (Gerber et al. 2012). First, affiliating with a political party provides a simplified cognitive framework for understanding...
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adorno, T. W., Frenkel-Brunswik, E., Levinson, D. J., & Sanford, R. N. (1950). The authoritarian personality. New York: Harper.
Alford, J. R., Funk, C. F., & Hibbing, L. R. (2005). Are political orientations genetically transmitted? American Political Science Review, 99, 153–167.
Amodio, D. M., Jost, J. T., Master, S. L., & Yee, C. M. (2007). Neurocognitive correlates of liberalism and conservatism. Nature Neuroscience, 10(10), 1246–1247.
Caprara, G. V., Schwartz, S., Capanna, C., Vecchione, M., & Barbaranelli, C. (2006). Personality and politics: Values, traits, and political choice. Political Psychology, 27(1), 1–28.
Carney, D. R., Jost, J. T., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2008). The secret lives of liberals and conservatives: Personality profiles, interaction styles, and the things they leave behind. Political Psychology, 29(6), 807–840.
Dawes, C. T., & Fowler, J. H. (2009). Partisanship, voting, and the dopamine D2 receptor gene. The Journal of Politics, 71(3), 1157–1171.
Duckitt, J., & Sibley, C. G. (2010). Personality, ideology, prejudice, and politics: A dual-process motivational model. Journal of Personality, 78(6), 1861–1893.
Gerber, A. S., Huber, G. A., Doherty, D., & Dowling, C. M. (2012). Personality and the strength and direction of partisan identification. Political Behavior, 34(4), 653–688.
Hatemi, P. K., & McDermott, R. (2012). Broadening political psychology. Political Psychology, 33(1), 11–25.
Hatemi, P. K., Gillespie, N. A., Eaves, L. J., Maher, B. S., Webb, B. T., Heath, A. C., …, & Gordon, S. D. (2011). A genome-wide analysis of liberal and conservative political attitudes. Journal of Politics, 73(1), 271–285.
Hibbing, J. R., Smith, K. B., & Alford, J. R. (2014). Differences in negativity bias underlie variations in political ideology. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 37(3), 297–350.
Jost, J. T., Glaser, J., Kruglanski, A. W., & Sulloway, F. J. (2003). Political conservatism as motivated social cognition. Psychological Bulletin, 129(3), 339–375.
Jost, J. T., Federico, C. M., & Napier, J. L. (2009). Political ideology: Its structure, functions, and elective affinities. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 307–337. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163600.
Kandler, C., Bleidorn, W., & Riemann, R. (2012). Left or right? Sources of political orientation: The roles of genetic factors, cultural transmission, assortative mating, and personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(3), 633–645.
Kandler, C., Bell, E., Shikishima, C., Yamagata, S., & Riemann, R. (2013). The genetic sources of core political attitudes and the role of personality traits: A cross-cultural twin study. Behavior Genetics, 43(6), 525–525.
Nail, P. R., & McGregor, I. (2009). Conservative shift among liberals and conservatives following 9/11/01. Social Justice Research, 22(2–3), 231–240.
Onraet, E., Van Hiel, A., Dhont, K., Hodson, G., Schittekatte, M., & De Pauw, S. (2015). The association of cognitive ability with right-wing ideological attitudes and prejudice: A meta-analytic review. European Journal of Personality, 29(6), 599–621.
Oxley, D. R., Smith, K. B., Alford, J. R., Hibbing, M. V., Miller, J. L., Scalora, M., …, & Hibbing, J. R. (2008). Political attitudes vary with physiological traits. Science, 321, 1667–1670.
Schwartz, S. H., Cieciuch, J., Vecchione, M., Davidov, E., Fischer, R., Beierlein, C., …, & Konty, M. (2012). Refining the theory of basic individual values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103(4), 663–688. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029393.
Sibley, C. G., Osborne, D., & Duckitt, J. (2012). Personality and political orientation: Meta-analysis and test of a threat-constraint model. Journal of Research in Personality, 46(6), 664–677.
Woodley, M. A. (2010). Are high-iq individuals deficient in common sense? A critical examination of the clever sillies hypothesis. Intelligence, 38(5), 471–480.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Section Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Rothmund, T. (2020). Personality and Political Affiliation. In: Zeigler-Hill, V., Shackelford, T.K. (eds) Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_716
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_716
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-24610-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-24612-3
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences