Synonyms
Definition
There are two major types of rationality, namely epistemic and instrumental rationality. These two forms of rationality refer to what is true and what to do, respectively.
Introduction
What is rationality? For thousands of years, scholars across academic disciplines, including philosophy, psychology, and economics, have debated the answer to this question. According to Aristotle, humans are rational animals because they have the capacity to base their behaviors on thought and reason. In essence, if one uses reason, then one is rational. This simple definition is appealing; it is readily comprehensible and aligns with humans’ intuitive sense of their thought processes.
Until the late twentieth century, scholars widely assumed that humans were rarely irrational, even in situations of uncertainty. This assumption formed the bedrock of most economic theories. Humans, according to these...
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Bowes, S.M., Lilienfeld, S.O. (2020). Rationality. In: Zeigler-Hill, V., Shackelford, T.K. (eds) Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_1898
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_1898
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