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Marine Animal Forests pp 855–885Cite as

Benthic-Pelagic Coupling: New Perspectives in the Animal Forests

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Abstract

Animal forests all over the world play an essential role in benthic-pelagic coupling processes. These processes can change according to the feeding strategies of benthic species, as well as their extension and biomass. From the oligotrophic coral reefs to the highly seasonal productive Antarctic ecosystems, suspension feeders (the main eco-engineers of the animal forest) have evolved feeding strategies depending on the environmental constraints, which shape their survivorship and partly explain their high biodiversity. In the process of benthic-pelagic coupling, these organisms also have the ability to retain part of the organic and inorganic matter in their long-lived structures. In this chapter, hypotheses related to benthic-pelagic coupling processes will be presented, along with the newest methodology used to quantify the capacity of animal forests to function as carbon sinks. Although the role of animal forests as carbon sinks is an essential ecosystem service, it has been largely neglected in the conservation models for the majority of marine environments. The importance of food availability (quantity and quality) in suspension feeding animals will be discussed with a new approach based on random pulses of energy input. This approach will help to better understand their nutritional condition and the health status of their populations. Finally, to allow making key evaluations of the influence of animal forests in benthic-pelagic coupling processes and as carbon sinks, this approach will be overlapped with the distribution, density, and population size structure of benthic suspension feeders, obtained through the analysis of video or photo recorded via remotely operated vehicles (ROV). This new approach will be an essential tool for coastal, continental shelves and deep water coral area management and conservation, where animal forests are threatened synergistically by several direct and indirect impacts.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Darren Brown for his useful comments on the manuscript and English language corrections. We are grateful with the two reviewers that greatly improved the chapter. Support for this work was provided by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship (ANIMAL FOREST HEALTH, project number 327845). Authors want to thank the support of the Generalitat de Catalunya to MERS (2014 SGR - 1356).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Sergio Rossi & Núria Viladrich

  2. Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e della Vita (DISTAV), Università degli Studi di Genova, Genoa, Italy

    Martina Coppari

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  1. Sergio Rossi
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  2. Martina Coppari
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  3. Núria Viladrich
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Correspondence to Sergio Rossi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain

    Sergio Rossi

  2. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Ecogéochimie des Environnements Benthiques (LECOB) Observatoire Océanologique, Banyuls/Mer, France

    Lorenzo Bramanti

  3. Departament d’Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Andrea Gori

  4. Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, Palma, Mallorca, Spain

    Covadonga Orejas

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Rossi, S., Coppari, M., Viladrich, N. (2017). Benthic-Pelagic Coupling: New Perspectives in the Animal Forests. In: Rossi, S., Bramanti, L., Gori, A., Orejas , C. (eds) Marine Animal Forests. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21012-4_23

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