Skip to main content

Strength and Anger-Proneness

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
  • 279 Accesses

Synonyms

Aggression; Antisocial behavior; Physique

Definition

Physical strength has a positive association with levels of aggression.

Introduction

Physical strength has always been a desirable characteristic among humans, particularly males. It has long been suspected that males developed greater physical strength in order to compete in direct confrontations for mates. As such, male’s upper body strength tends to exceed that of females (Isen et al. 2015; Darwin 1871; Sell et al. 2012). These traits of physical strength are meant to intimidate rivals. However, physical strength is not as useful for males if they do not also possess psychological and behavioral adaptations that encourage engagement in conflict. Thus, a male that is not only physically strong but also has the psychological need for battle will be the most fit (Isen et al. 2015). Accordingly, it is logical for a relationship to exist between physical strength and aggression.

The Link Between Physical Strength and Aggression

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

References

  • Darwin, C. (1871). The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London: J. Murray.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, L., Das, S., & Buker, H. (2008). Androgen-promoted physiological traits and criminality: A test of the evolutionary neuroandrogenic theory. Personality and Individual Differences, 44(3), 701–711.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gallup, A. C., White, D. D., & Gallup, G. G. (2007). Handgrip strength predicts sexual behavior, body morphology, and aggression in male college students. Evolution and Human Behavior, 28(6), 423–429.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glueck, S., & Glueck, E. T. (1956). Physique and delinquency. New York: Harper.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huesmann, L. R., Eron, L. D., Lefkowitz, M. M., & Walder, L. O. (1984). Stability of aggression over time and generations. Developmental Psychology, 20(6), 1120–1134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Isen, J. D., McGue, M. K., & Iacono, W. G. (2015). Aggressive-antisocial boys develop into physically strong young men. Psychological Science, 26, 444. doi:10.1177/0956797614567718.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lukaszewski, A. W., & Roney, J. R. (2011). The origins of extraversion: Joint effects of facultative calibration and genetic polymorphism. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(3), 409–421.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sell, A., Tooby, J., & Cosmides, L. (2009). Formidability and the logic of human anger. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(35), 15073–15078.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sell, A., Hone, L. S., & Pound, N. (2012). The importance of physical strength to human males. Human Nature, 23(1), 30–44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sheldon, W. H. (1949). Varieties of delinquent youth: An introduction to constitutional psychiatry. Oxford, UK: Harper.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to W Leal .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Section Editor information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this entry

Cite this entry

Leal, W. (2017). Strength and Anger-Proneness. In: Shackelford, T., Weekes-Shackelford, V. (eds) Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_1695-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_1695-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-16999-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-16999-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Behavioral Science and PsychologyReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics