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Effects of Knee Osteoarthritis and Joint Replacement Surgery on Gait

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Handbook of Human Motion

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Abstract

Knee joint osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common condition that is managed with knee joint replacement surgery. Gait has provided a model to study knee OA processes as knee joint function is altered in the presence of knee OA including joint level angular motions, joint level moments, and muscle activation patterns during walking. In the pre-total joint arthroplasty state, there is significant joint damage and severe symptoms (pain) that manifest as altered musculoskeletal function during walking. These alterations in joint and muscle function during gait can be accurately quantified with state-of-the-art surface motion capture systems, force plates, biomechanical modeling, and surface electromyography to capture muscle activation patterns. This chapter provides an overview of the gait biomechanics and EMG studies related to (i) knee joint OA processes and (ii) knee joint replacement surgery. The summary and conclusions provide ideas on future directions suggesting that human movement studies need to be better integrated in clinical musculoskeletal practice to provide the quantitative measures of function that can inform clinical decision making.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Professions, Dalhousie University, 5981 University Ave, PO Box 15000, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada

    Cheryl L. Hubley-Kozey

  2. School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5981 University Ave, PO Box 15000, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada

    Cheryl L. Hubley-Kozey & Janie Astephen Wilson

  3. Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada

    Cheryl L. Hubley-Kozey & Janie Astephen Wilson

Authors
  1. Cheryl L. Hubley-Kozey
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  2. Janie Astephen Wilson
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cheryl L. Hubley-Kozey .

Section Editor information

  1. Institut for Biomechanics und Orthopedic, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany

    Gert-Peter Brüggemann

  2. Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA

    Zhigang Deng

  3. McIntosh Consultancy and Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

    Andrew S. McIntosh

  4. Wilmington, Delaware, USA

    Freeman Miller

  5. C-Motion Inc., Germantown, USA

    W. Scott Selbie

  6. duPont Hospital for Children, Box 269, 19899, Wilmington, DE, USA

    Freeman Miller

  7. Movement Analysis Laboratory, Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery; Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury;Heidelberg University Hospital, Schlierbacher Landstr. 200a, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany

    Sebastian I. Wolf

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Hubley-Kozey, C.L., Astephen Wilson, J. (2018). Effects of Knee Osteoarthritis and Joint Replacement Surgery on Gait. In: Handbook of Human Motion. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14418-4_82

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