Abstract
Clusters and nanocrystals constitute intermediates between molecules and condensed matter. Due to their finite size, clusters have a wide spectrum of applications ranging from building blocks for novel materials to model systems for fundamental investigations about light – matter interactions. Short-wavelength radiation from synchrotron radiation sources and free-electron lasers (FELs) allows the detailed investigation of their geometric, electronic, and magnetic structure as well as dynamical processes. Conversely, clusters can serve as idealized sample systems for the development of new experimental techniques and pioneering experiments with novel x-ray sources. The chapter starts with a brief introduction to cluster physics, followed by a comprehensive overview of research performed at synchrotron light sources on van der Waals, metal, and semiconductor clusters. With the advent of short-wavelength FELs, a new research field in the x-ray peak intensity regime has opened. Experiments on single clusters, such as x-ray imaging and tracing ultrafast dynamics, now become possible.
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Abbreviations
- AMO:
-
Atomic, molecular, and optical
- BESSY:
-
Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung
- CM:
-
Condensed matter
- DESY:
-
Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron
- EXAFS:
-
Extended X-ray absorption fine structure
- FEL:
-
Free-electron laser
- FERMI:
-
Free Electron Laser at Elettra
- FLASH:
-
Free Electron Laser in Hamburg
- ICD:
-
Interatomic Coulombic Decay
- LCLS:
-
Linac Coherent Light Source
- pnCCD:
-
pn-Junction charge coupled device
- SACLA:
-
SPring-8 Angstrom Compact Free Electron Laser
- SR:
-
Synchrotron radiation
- TOF:
-
Time-of-flight
- TTF-FEL:
-
Tesla Test Facility-FEL
- UV:
-
Ultraviolet
- VdW:
-
van der Waals
- VUV:
-
Vacuum ultraviolet
- XANES:
-
X-ray absorption near edge structure
- XAS:
-
X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- XMCD:
-
X-ray magnetic circular dichroism
- XPS:
-
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
- XUV:
-
Extended ultraviolet
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Bostedt, C., Gorkhover, T., Rupp, D., Möller, T. (2016). Clusters and Nanocrystals. In: Jaeschke, E., Khan, S., Schneider, J., Hastings, J. (eds) Synchrotron Light Sources and Free-Electron Lasers. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14394-1_39
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14394-1_39
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-14393-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-14394-1
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics