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Indications for Lung Transplantation

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Solid Organ Transplantation in Infants and Children

Part of the book series: Organ and Tissue Transplantation ((OTT))

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Abstract

Pediatric lung transplant is nowadays an accepted therapy in well-selected children with end-stage pulmonary disease, offering prolonged overall survival and better quality of life. Over 100 pediatric lung transplants are reported to the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) Thoracic Transplant Registry annually. In order to maximize posttransplant survival in children, careful candidate selection is absolutely crucial. Primary diagnostic indications for lung transplantation in children is cystic fibrosis (CF) pulmonary disease overall, followed by pulmonary hypertension and interstitial lung disease and obliterative bronchiolitis. However, there is a varying distribution of diagnostic indications depending on children’s ages. In younger children, surfactant protein deficiencies, congenital heart disease, and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension are the commonest diagnoses, respectively. In older children, CF is the most frequent indication for lung transplantation. Further, marked regional differences exist worldwide regarding indications, reflecting diverse referral patterns and differences in disease management. In North America, half of the children undergoing lung transplantation have CF; in Europe, over two-thirds of children suffer with CF. Today, the ISHLT has international consensus guidelines in place, including general guidance on the selection of pediatric candidates and disease-specifics on referral and timing for listing for lung transplantation.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Maureen Josephson

  2. Division of Pulmonology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Christian Benden

  3. Division of Cardiology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Brian Hanna

Authors
  1. Maureen Josephson
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  2. Christian Benden
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  3. Brian Hanna
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Correspondence to Maureen Josephson .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Jefferson Medical College, Wilmington, Delaware, USA

    Stephen P. Dunn

  2. Division of Gastroenterology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Simon Horslen

Section Editor information

  1. The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Samuel B Goldfarb

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Josephson, M., Benden, C., Hanna, B. (2018). Indications for Lung Transplantation. In: Dunn, S., Horslen, S. (eds) Solid Organ Transplantation in Infants and Children. Organ and Tissue Transplantation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07284-5_63

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07284-5_63

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