Skip to main content

Multilingual Classrooms at Times of Superdiversity

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Encyclopedia of Language and Education ((ELE))

Abstract

In the present contribution we deal with multilingual classrooms and superdiversity. More specifically we deal with the consequences that a revised understanding of language – based on the concept of language repertoires – has for language education as well as for educators caught in the transition between diversity and superdiversity. After highlighting that dealing with multilingualism in regular school classrooms, at least in Western Europe, has been a matter of concern for teachers and learners’ educational pathways for decades, we move on to dealing with the founding fathers of sociolinguistics and what their seminal work has brought to the recent reevaluation of the concept of sociolinguistic repertoires. We then discuss how this concept highlights the fact that regular education professionals appear to suffer from a “trained blindness” mostly focusing on attainment targets and normativity, rather than paying attention to the actual way in which students “Language” across formal, nonformal, and informal institutional spaces.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD   449.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Bezemer, J., & Kroon, S. (2008). Teachers’ practical knowledge, standard language, and multicultural classrooms. In M. Martin-Jones, A. M. de Mejía, & N. H. Hornberger (Eds.), Encyclopedia of language and education, Discourse and education (Vol. 3, 2nd ed., pp. 225–236). New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bezemer, J., Heen Wold, A., de Wal Pastoor, L., Kroon, S., & Ryen, E. (2005). Teaching and learning in multicultural contexts. A comparative analysis of language learning and teaching in a Norwegian and Dutch primary school classroom. Intercultural Education, 16(5), 453–467.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blommaert, J. (2010). The sociolinguistics of globalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Blommaert, J., & Backus, A. (2013). Superdiverse repertoires and the individual. In I. De Saint Georges & J.-J. Weber (Eds.), Multilingualism and multimodality. Current challenges for educational studies (pp. 11–32). Rotterdam/Boston/Taipei: Sense Publishers.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Blommaert, J., Leppänen, S., Pahta, P., Virkkula, T., Räisänen, T. (2012). Dangerous multilingualism: northern perspectives on order, purity and normality. London: Palgrave-Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blommaert, J., & Verschueren, J. (1998). Debating diversity: Analysing the discourse of tolerance. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bloomfield, L. (1933). Language. New York: Henry Holt.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brah, A., & Phoenix, A. (2004). Ain’t I a woman? Revisiting intersectionality. Journal of International Women's Studies, 5(3), 75–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cazden, C. B., John, V. P., & Hymes, D. (Eds.). (1972). Functions of language in the classroom. New York: Teachers College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheshire, J., et al. (Eds.). (1989). Dialect and education: Some European perspectives. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corder, S. P. (1973). Introducing applied linguistics. Harmondsworth: Penguin Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Creese, A., & Blackledge, A. (2010). Towards a sociolinguistics of superdiversity. Zeitschrift Fur Erziehungswissenschaft, 13(4), 549–572.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cummins, J. (2000). Language, power, and pedagogy: Bilingual children in the crossfire. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, J. (2004). Multilingualism. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fanshawe, S., & Sriskandarajah, D. (2010). ‘You can’t put me in a box’: Super-diversity and the end of identity politics in Britain. London: Institute for Public Policy Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glick Schiller, N., & Çağlar, A. (2013). Locating migrant pathways of economic emplacement: Thinking beyond the ethnic lens. Ethnicities, 13(4), 494–514.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gogolin, I., & Kroon, S. (Eds.). (2000). “Mann schreibt, wie man spricht”. Ergebnisse einer international vergleichenen Fallstudie über Unterricht in vielsprachigen Klassen. Münster/New York: Waxmann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gumperz, J. (1972). Introduction. In J. Gumperz & D. Hymes (Eds.), Directions in sociolinguistics: The ethnography of communication (pp. 1–25). New York: Holt, Rhinehart and Winston (1986 edition, London: Blackwell).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gumperz, J. (1974). Linguistic anthropology in society. American Anthropologist, 76, 785–798.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gumperz, J. (1982). Discourse strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hamers, J., & Blanc, M. (2000). Bilinguality and bilingualism (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, R. (1997). Romantic bilingualism: time for a change?’. In C. Leung & C. Cable (Eds.), English as an Additional Language: Changing Perspectives. Watford: NALDIC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heller, M. (Ed.). (2007). Bilingualism: A social approach. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hymes, D. (1972). The use of anthropology: Critical, political, personal. In D. Hymes (Ed.), Reinventing anthropology (pp. 3–82). Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hymes, D. (1996). Ethnography, linguistics, narrative inequality: Toward an understanding of voice. London: Taylor & Francis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irvine, J., & Gal, S. (2000). Language ideology and linguistic differentiation. In P. Kroskrity (Ed.), Regimes of language (pp. 35–83). Santa Fe: SAR Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaffe, A. (1999). Ideologies in action: Language politics on Corsica. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Jaspaert, K., & Kroon, S. (Eds.). (1991). Ethnic minority languages and education. Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaspers, J. (2005). Tegenwerken, belachelijk doen. Talige sabotage van Marokkaanse jongens op een Antwerpse middelbare school Brussels:VUB Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jørgensen, J. N., Karrebæk, M. S., Madsen, L. M., & Møller, J. S. (2011). Polylanguaging in superdiversity. Diversities, 13(2), 23–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jørgensen, J. N., & Møller, J. S. (2014). Polylingualism and languaging. In C. Leung & B. Street (Eds.), The Routledge companion to English studies (pp. 67–83). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Juffermans, K., & Van der Aa, J. (2013). Analyzing voice in educational discourses. Anthropology and Education Quarterly, 44(2), 112–123.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kell, C. (2013). Ariadne’s thread: Literacy, scale and meaning making across space and time. In Tilburg papers in culture studies, paper 81. Tilburg: Babylon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kroon, S. (2003). Mother tongue and mother tongue education. In J. Bourne & E. Reid (Eds.), Language education. World Yearbook of Education 2003 (pp. 35–48). London: Kogan Page.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kroon, S., & Vallen, T. (1997). Bilingual education for immigrant students in the Netherlands. In J. Cummins & D. Corson (Eds.), Encyclopedia of language and education, Bilingual education (Vol. 5, pp. 199–208). Dordrecht: Kluwer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kroon, S., & Vallen, T. (2006). Immigrant language education. In K. Brown (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language & linguistics (Vol. 5, pp. 554–557). Amsterdam: Elsevier.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kroskrity, P., B.B. Schieffelin & K.A. Woolard (eds.) (1992), Language ideologies. IPrA 2(3), Special Issue.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kroskrity, P. (Ed.). (2000). Regimes of language. Santa Fe: SAR Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Madsen, L. M., Karrebæk, M. S., & Møller, J. S. (2013). The Amager project: A study of language and social life of minority children and youth. In Tilburg papers in culture studies, paper 52. Tilburg: Babylon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Makoni, S., & Pennycook, A. (Eds.). (2006). Disinventing and reconstituting languages. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillimore, J. (2011). Approaches to health provision in the age of super-diversity: Accessing the NHS in Britain’s most diverse city. Critical Social Policy, 31(1), 5–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rampton, B. (1999). Styling the other: Introduction. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 3, 421–427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rampton, B. (2011). From ‘Multiethnic adolescent heteroglossia’ to ‘Contemporary urban vernaculars’. Language & Communication, 31(4), 276–294.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Silverstein. (1985). Language and the culture of gender. In E. Mertz & R. Parmentier (Eds.), Semiotic mediation (pp. 219–259). New York: Academic Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Silverstein, M. (1979). Language structure and linguistic ideology. In R. Clyne, W. Hanks, & C. Hofbauer (Eds.), The elements: A parasession on linguistic units and levels (pp. 193–247). Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spotti, M. (2007). Developing identities: Identity construction in multicultural primary classrooms in the Netherlands and Flanders. Amsterdam: Aksant.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spotti, M. (2008). Exploring the construction of immigrant minority pupils' identities in a Flemish primary classroom. Journal of Linguistics & Education, 19(1), 20–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Avermaet, P. & S. Sierens (forthcoming), Bilingual education in migrant languages of Europe. In: O. Garcia & A. Lin (eds.), Bilingual/multilingual education, Volume 5 of S. May (ed.), Encyclopedia of language and education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Aa, J. (2013). Sharing time and the poetic patterning of Caribbean independence. Anthropology and Education Quarterly, 44(2), 177–188.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vertovec, S. (2006). The emergence of super-diversity in Britain. Centre on Migration, Policy and Society, Working paper 25 Oxford University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vertovec, S. (2007). Super-diversity and its implications. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30(6), 1024–1054.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weinreich, U. (1953). Languages in contact. Findings and problems. The Hague: Mouton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wessendorf, S. (2010). Commonplace diversity: Social interactions in a super-diverse context. In MMG Working Papers 10–11. Göttingen: Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woolard, K. (1994). Ideologies of language. John E. Joseph and Talbot J. Taylor. American Ethnologist, 21, 946–947.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Massimiliano Spotti or Sjaak Kroon .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this entry

Cite this entry

Spotti, M., Kroon, S. (2017). Multilingual Classrooms at Times of Superdiversity. In: Wortham, S., Kim, D., May, S. (eds) Discourse and Education. Encyclopedia of Language and Education. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02243-7_21

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics