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Diabetes Type I

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Compendium of Inflammatory Diseases

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Synonyms

Diabetes mellitus; Insulin-dependent diabetes; Juvenile diabetes

Definition

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a disorder of insulin deficiency that results from cell-mediated autoimmune pancreatic beta cell destruction. Previously known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, it accounts for 5–10 % of all cases of diabetes and >80 % of diabetes in young children (0–9 years old) (Liese et al. 2006).

Epidemiology and Genetics

Type 1 diabetes most often presents in childhood, but one quarter of new diagnoses occur in adults. The development of diabetes by age occurs during two peaks, at 4–6 years and 10–14 years. The incidence of T1DM is rising worldwide, especially in younger children. In Europe, the incidence rate has been rising by approximately 3–4 % per year (Patterson et al. 2012). The incidence of T1DM varies geographically with increased risk in areas lying farther from the equator. The highest incidence occurs in Finland and Sardinia (36.5 and 36.8/100,000/year),...

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, VCU Medical Center, 2305 North Parham Road, Suite 1, Richmond, VA, 23229, USA

    Melinda M. C. Penn

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  1. Melinda M. C. Penn
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Correspondence to Melinda M. C. Penn .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Inst of Clinical Pharmacology Haus 74/75, JW Goethe University Frankfurt Fraunhofer IME, Frankfurt, Germany

    Michael J. Parnham

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© 2016 Springer Basel

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Penn, M.M.C. (2016). Diabetes Type I. In: Parnham, M. (eds) Compendium of Inflammatory Diseases. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0620-6_198-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0620-6_198-1

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  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-0620-6

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