Synonyms
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)
Definition
Malignant neoplasm arising from the urothelium that shows a pure squamous phenotype.
Pure squamous cell carcinoma may occur de novo or in parasite Schistosoma haematobium-infected individuals. The two entities are characterized by different epidemiology and natural history, and they will be discussed separately.
Urinary Tract Pure Squamous Cell Carcinoma Unrelated to Schistosomiasis
Clinical Features
Incidence
It represents 3% to 6% of bladder malignancies (Lagwinski et al. 2007). The patients have a history of chronic bladder irritation caused by infection, stones, indwelling catheters, urinary retention, or neurogenic bladder.
Age
These tumors are most often diagnosed during the seventh decade of life.
Sex
The incidence of SCC shows lower male predominance than urothelial carcinoma, with a male to female ratio of 1.4:1 (Johansson and Cohen 1997). There is higher incidence in women relative to men for stage T3–T4 tumors (Ploeg et al. 2010...
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Johansson, S. L., & Cohen, S. M. (1997). Epidemiology and etiology of bladder cancer. Seminars in Surgical Oncology, 13, 291–298.
Lagwinski, N., Thomas, A., Stephenson, A. J., et al. (2007). Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder: a clinicopathological analysis of 45 cases. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 31, 1777–1787.
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Ploeg, M., Aben, K. K., Hulsbergen-van de Kaa, C. A., et al. (2010). Clinical epidemiology of nonurothelial bladder cancer: analysis of the Netherlands Cancer Registry. The Journal of Urology, 183, 915–920.
Salem, S., Mitchell, R. E., El-Alim El-Dorey, A., et al. (2011). Successful control of schistosomiasis and the changing epidemiology of bladder cancer in Egypt. BJU International, 107, 206–211.
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Raspollini, M.R., Cheng, L., Lopez-Beltran, A. (2020). Urinary Tract Pure Squamous Cell Carcinoma. In: Raspollini, M.R., Lopez-Beltran, A. (eds) Uropathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41894-6_4973
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41894-6_4973
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