Synonyms
Intestinal metaplasia of the urothelial mucosa
Definition
Mucinous metaplasia of the bladder is the replacement of the normal transitional type of epithelial lining by intestinal type of epithelium.
Clinical Features
Incidence
Mucinous metaplasia is a common lesion correlated to mechanical and chronic irritations, such as found in neurogenic bladders, long-term catheterized patients, lithiasis, and bladder exstrophy (Rubenwolf et al. 2013; Gordetsky and Epstein 2015). These etiological factors are a common with cystitis glandularis.
Age
It is more common in elderly patients but may occur in pediatric age.
Sex
It is a common finding in both sexes.
Site
It is more common in the bladder; moreover, it may occur in renal pelvis and ureter.
Treatment
It is not required.
Outcome
It is a benign lesion. However, because of high frequency of coexistence of mucinous metaplasia and adenocarcinoma, it was thought mucinous metaplasia could be a precursor of primary bladder adenocarcinoma...
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References and Further Reading
Corica, F. A., Husmann, D. A., Churchill, B. M., et al. (1997). Intestinal metaplasia is not a strong risk factor for bladder cancer: Study of 53 cases with long-term follow-up. Urology, 50, 427–431.
Gordetsky, J., & Epstein, J. I. (2015). Intestinal metaplasia of the bladder with dysplasia: A risk factor for carcinoma? Histopathology, 67, 325–330.
Morton, M. J., Zhang, S., Lopez-Beltran, A., et al. (2007). Telomere shortening and chromosomal abnormalities in intestinal metaplasia of the urinary bladder. Clinical Cancer Research, 13, 6232–6236.
Rubenwolf, P. C., Eder, F., Ebert, A. K., et al. (2013). Persistent histological changes in the exstrophic bladder after primary closure-a cause for concern? The Journal of Urology, 189, 671–677.
Smith, A. K., Hansel, D. E., & Jones, J. S. (2007). Role of cystitis Cystica et Glandularis and intestinal metaplasia in development of bladder carcinoma. Urology, 71, 915–918.
Smith, A. K., Hansel, D. E., & Jones, J. S. (2008). Role of cystitis cystica et glandularis and intestinal metaplasia in development of bladder carcinoma. Urology, 71, 915–918.
Srivastava, S., Yan, B., Chin, Y. S., et al. (2012). Nuclear p53 expression is associated with allelic imbalance (TP53) in glandular dysplasia and typical cystitis glandularis: A LCM-based molecular analysis. Clinical Genitourinary Cancer, 10, 57–59.
Sung, M. T., Lopez-Beltran, A., Eble, J. N., et al. (2006). Divergent pathway of intestinal metaplasia and cystitis glandularis of the urinary bladder. Modern Pathology, 19, 1395–1401.
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Henriques, V., Raspollini, M.R., Lopez-Beltran, A. (2020). Mucinous Metaplasia. In: Raspollini, M.R., Lopez-Beltran, A. (eds) Uropathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41894-6_4850
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41894-6_4850
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