Definition
Oncocytoma is a benign renal cell tumor with mainly solid-nested architecture composed of predominantly large eosinophilic cells packed with mitochondria.
Clinical Features
Oncocytomas are sporadic tumors; cases in association with Birt-Hogg-Dubé (an autosomal dominant disease associated with mutation of the folliculin gene) have been reported.
A group of patients with multiple oncocytic lesions called oncocytosis has been described. Some of these lesions have a hybrid morphology between oncocytoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, suggesting that these neoplasms can be related.
Incidence
They comprise 5% of adult renal epithelial tumors in surgical series.
Age
The peak incidence is in the seventh decade of life.
Sex
Its male-to-female ratio is 2:1.
Site
There is no prevalence of site.
Treatment
Partial or radical nephrectomy, based on the tumor size, is the standard. In selected cases, active surveillance may be an option.
Outcome
Renal oncocytomas are benign neoplasms.
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References and Further Reading
Brunelli, M., Delahunt, B., Gobbo, S., Tardanico, R., Eccher, A., Bersani, S., Cossu-Rocca, P., Parolini, C., Balzarini, P., Menestrina, F., Cheng, L., Eble, J. N., & Martignoni, G. (2010). Diagnostic usefulness of fluorescent cytogenetics in differentiating chromophobe renal cell carcinoma from renal oncocytoma: A validation study combining metaphase and interphase analyses. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 133(1), 116–126.
Klein, M. J., & Valensi, Q. J. (1976). Proximal tubular adenomas of kidney with so-called oncocytic features. A clinicopathologic study of 13 cases of a rarely reported neoplasm. Cancer, 38(2), 906–914.
Perez-Ordonez, B., Hamed, G., Campbell, S., Erlandson, R. A., Russo, P., Gaudin, P. B., & Reuter, V. E. (1997). Renal oncocytoma: A clinicopathologic study of 70 cases. The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, 21(8), 871–883.
Rocca, P. C., Brunelli, M., Gobbo, S., Eccher, A., Bragantini, E., Mina, M. M., Ficarra, V., Zattoni, F., Zamò, A., Pea, M., Scarpa, A., Chilosi, M., Menestrina, F., Bonetti, F., Eble, J. N., & Martignoni, G. (2007). Diagnostic utility of S100A1 expression in renal cell neoplasms: An immunohistochemical and quantitative RT-PCR study. Modern Pathology, 20(7), 722–728.
Trpkov, K., Yilmaz, A., Uzer, D., Dishongh, K. M., Quick, C. M., Bismar, T. A., & Gokden, N. (2010). Renal oncocytoma revisited: A clinicopathological study of 109 cases with emphasis on problematic diagnostic features. Histopathology, 57(6), 893–906.
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Caliò, A., Segala, D., Martignoni, G. (2020). Oncocytoma. In: Raspollini, M.R., Lopez-Beltran, A. (eds) Uropathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41894-6_3804
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41894-6_3804
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