Synonyms
Neurilemmoma; Neurinoma
Definition
Schwannoma is a nerve sheath tumor originating from Schwann cells of peripheral nerve fibers. It usually occurs in the head and neck or in the extremities, while the presence in urogenital system is rare. It can arise as a sporadic lesion, or, more frequently, in organs as the bladder, it may be found in association with neurofibromatosis, especially type 2, schwannomatosis, and Carney syndrome.
Clinical Features
Incidence
Schwannoma is a rare lesion in the genitourinary tract. In the bladder it is mostly related to von Recklinghausen’s disease, while sporadic cases represent <1% of all bladder tumors, with eight cases described in literature (Bakurov et al. 2018), while in the penis, 34 cases are reported until 2018 (Han et al. 2018), with few in association with NF1. In the prostate, seminal vesicle and spermatic cord schwannoma is exceedingly rare.
Age
Schwannoma occurs over a wide range of ages. In the bladder it can be found in males of...
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Bakurov, E. E., Krakhotkin, D. V., & Kucherenko, O. B. (2018). Isolated primary schwannoma of the urinary bladder- a case presentation. Urology Case Reports, 18, 29–30.
Chan, P. T., Tripathi, S., Low, S. E., & Robinson, L. Q. (2007). Case report – ancient schwannoma of the scrotum. BMC Urology, 7, 1.
Han, H., Lei, H. E., Tian, L., & Zhang, X. D. (2018). Isolated penis schwannoma: A rare case report. Urology Case Reports, 21, 12–13.
Huang, J., Cheng, Z., Li, R., Yao, N., Cao, J., Deng, S., & Wu, R. (2018). Pelvic mass: Schwannoma of the left seminal vesicle. Andrologia, 50(8), e13053.
McKenney, J. K. (2018). Mesenchymal tumors of the prostate. Modern Pathology, 31(S1), S133–S142.
Rodriguez, F. J., Stratakis, C. A., & Evans, D. G. (2012). Genetic predisposition to peripheral nerve neoplasia: Diagnostic criteria and pathogenesis of neurofibromatoses, Carney complex, and related syndromes. Acta Neuropathologica, 123, 349–367.
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Taverna, C., Franchi, A. (2020). Schwannoma. In: Raspollini, M.R., Lopez-Beltran, A. (eds) Uropathology. Encyclopedia of Pathology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41894-6_3495
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41894-6_3495
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