Skip to main content

The Emergence of Relationality in Governance of Climate Change Adaptation

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
The Palgrave Handbook of Climate Resilient Societies

Abstract

This chapter presents the emergence of relationality as an individual and collective capacity that has the potential to enable transformative adaptation to meet future climate challenges. Given that people create the social systems that influence their lives, the capacity for adaptation to climate change may be viewed as both an individual attribute constructed through social learning and knowledge exchange and a fundamental component of an enabling environment of social institutions. Governance of climate adaptation, therefore, requires a deeper consideration of the moral and ethical motivation and behavior of participants. The concept of relationality may be operationalized in governance as capacity building through transformative dialogue processes within and among stakeholders designed to generate relational responsibility. Five governance approaches are briefly examined for their potential to facilitate the emergence of relationality including (i) polycentric (ii) middle-out, (iii) collaborative, (iv) transformational, and (v) experimental governance. Key attributes of these processes are synthesized into a relational governance model. Together, these concepts are used to examine two case studies from New South Wales (NSW) Australia that illustrate that relationality can be enabled and expressed in existing forms of governance. This is the case when government is prepared to experiment and improvise adaptation practices across scales and contexts and embrace the norms, values, relations, ways of thinking, paradigms, and mental models that a diversity of actors can collectively bring to bear on a complex problem. These kinds of approaches need to become normalized across formal and informal adaptation governance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adger, W. N., Dessai, S., Goulden, M., Hulme, M., Lorenzoni, I., Nelson, D. R., Naess, L. O., Wolf, J., & Wreford, A. (2009). Are there social limits to adaptation to climate change? Climatic Change, 93(3–4), 335–354. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-008-9520-z.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Argyris, C., & Schön, D. A. (1978). Organizational learning: A theory of action perspective. Reading: Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Armitage, D., Marschke, M., & Plummer, R. (2008). Adaptive co-management and the paradox of learning. Global Environmental Change, 18(1), 86–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Astell-Burt, T., Feng, X., Kolt, G. S., McLean, M., & Maberly, G. (2014). Understanding geographical inequities in diabetes: Multilevel evidence from 114,755 adults in Sydney, Australia. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 106(3), e68–e73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ateljevic, I. (2013). Transmodernity: Integrating perspectives on societal evolution. Futures, 47, 38–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Atkinson, M. M., & Coleman, W. D. (1992). Policy networks, policy communities and the problems of governance. Governance, 5(2), 154–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Audouin, M. (2009). Modernism, environmental assessment and the sustainability argument: Moving towards a new approach to project-based decision-making in South Africa. Doctoral dissertation, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch.

    Google Scholar 

  • Australia Institute of Health and Welfare. (2010). Australia’s health 2010 series no 12. Cat no. AUS 122. Canberra: AIHW.

    Google Scholar 

  • Australian Institute of Company Directors. (2013). Not-for-profit governance principles. https://aicd.companydirectors.com.au/-/media/cd2/resources/director-resources/not-for-profit-resources/nfp-principles/pdf/06911-5-adv-nfp-governance-principles-summary-report-a4-web.ashx. Accessed 19 Jan 2020.

  • Bandura, A., & Walters, R.H. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice & Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 1–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A. (2006). Toward a psychology of human agency. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(2), 164–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bandura, A., & Walters, R. H. (1963). Social learning and personality development. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barad, K. (2007). Meeting the universe halfway: Quantum physics and the entanglement of matter and meaning. Durham: Duke University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bateson, G. (1972). Steps to an ecology of mind: Collected essays in anthropology. Psychiatry, evolution, and epistemology (Vol. 381). Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bauer, A., Feichtinger, J., & Steurer, R. (2012). The governance of climate change adaptation in 10 OECD countries: Challenges and approaches. Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning, 14(3), 279–304.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bell, S., & Park, A. (2006). The problematic metagovernance of networks: Water reform in New South Wales. Journal of Public Policy, 26(1), 63–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berkhout, F. (2012). Adaptation to climate change by organizations. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 3(1), 91–106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Betsill, M. M., & Bulkeley, H. (2006). Cities and the multilevel governance of global climate change. Global Governance, 12, 141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Biesbroek, R., & Lesnikowski, A. (2018). Adaptation the neglected dimension of polycentric climate governance? In A. Jordan, D. Huitema, H. van Asselt, & J. Forster (Eds.), Governing climate change: Polycentricity in action? Cambridge: CUP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bisaro, A., & Hinkel, J. (2016). Governance of social dilemmas in climate change adaptation. Nature Climate Change, 6(4), 354.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blair, D. (2014). All the ships that never sailed: A general model of illicit market suppression. PhD Thesis, Georgetown University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohm, D. (1996). On dialogue. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohm, D., Factor, D., & Garrett, P. (1991). Dialogue – A proposal. http://www.david-bohm.net/dialogue/dialogue_proposal.html. Accessed 19 Dec 2019.

  • Brink, E., & Wamsler, C. (2018). Collaborative governance for climate change adaptation: Mapping citizen–municipality interactions. Environmental Policy and Governance, 28(2), 82–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Byrne, E. (2016). Sustainability as contingent balance between opposing though interdependent tendencies: A process approach to progress and evolution. In Transdisciplinary perspectives on transitions to sustainability (pp. 41–62). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Calton, J. M. (2006). Social contracting in a pluralist process of moral sense making: A dialogic twist on the ISCT. Journal of Business Ethics, 68(3), 329–346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Capra, B. (2010). A Kripkean argument for goatism. Philosophy Now, 79, 26–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlisle, K., & Gruby, R. L. (2019). Polycentric systems of governance: A theoretical model for the commons. Policy Studies Journal, 47(4), 927–952.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chhotray, V., & Stoker, G. (2009). Governance: From theory to practice. Governance theory and practice (pp. 214–247). London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cloutier, G., Papin, M., & Bizier, C. (2018). Do-it-yourself (DIY) adaptation: Civic initiatives as drivers to address climate change at the urban scale. Cities, 74, 284–291.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, J. (1988). Discourse ethics and civil society. Philosophy and Social Criticism, 14(3–4), 315–337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, K., & Ison, R. (2009). Jumping off Arnstein’s ladder: Social learning as a new policy paradigm for climate change adaptation. Environmental Policy and Governance, 19(6), 358–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham, R., Cvitanovic, C., Measham, T., Jacobs, B., Dowd, A., & Harman, B. (2015). Engaging communities in climate adaptation: The potential of social networks. Climate Policy, 474, 894. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2015.1052955.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Caro, D. A., Arnol, C. A. T., Boama, E. F., & Garmestani, A. S. (2017). Understanding and applying principles of social cognition and decision making in adaptive environmental governance. Ecology and Society: A Journal of Integrative Science for Resilience and Sustainability, 22(1), 1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deetz, S., & White, W. J. (1999). Relational responsibility or dialogic ethics? A questioning of McNamee and Gergen. In S. McNamee & K. J. Gergen (Eds.), Relational responsibility: Resources for sustainable dialogue. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dépelteau, F. (Ed.). (2018). The Palgrave handbook of relational sociology (p. 3). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Didham, R. (2015). Review of social learning theory: And its application in collaborative governance process for environmental management and sustainable development, Institute Global Environmental Strategies, Kamiyamaguchi, Hayama, Kanagawa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diduck, A., Bankes, N., Clark, D., & Armitage, D. R. (2005). Unpacking social learning in social-ecological systems. Breaking ice: Integrated ocean management in the Canadian North (pp. 269–290). Calgary: University of Calgary Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dodson, J., Coiacetto, E., & Ellway, C. (2006). Corruption in the Australian land development process: Identifying a research agenda (Refereed Proceedings Á online). In Second State of Australian Cities National Conference (Vol. 30). Brisbane: Griffith University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunford, S. (2018). Attributes of good governance for effective adaptation action and regional transitions. In Proceedings of the 4th Practical Responses to Climate Change Conference (Vol. 5470, p. 63). Engineers Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eckersley, P. (2016). A new framework for understanding subnational policy-making and local choice. Policy Studies 38(1), 76–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Emerson, K., Nabatchi, T., & Balogh, S. (2012). An integrative framework for collaborative governance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mur011.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Emirbayer, M. (1997). Manifesto for a relational sociology. American Journal of Sociology, 103(2), 281–317.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ensor, J., & Harvey, B. (2015). Social learning and climate change adaptation: Evidence for international development practice. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 6(5), 509–522.

    Google Scholar 

  • Escaleras, M., Anbarci, N., & Register, C. A. (2006). Public sector corruption and natural disasters: A potentially deadly interaction. Department of Economics, College of Business, Florida Atlantic University Working Papers, (06005).

    Google Scholar 

  • Flood, R. L., & Romm, N. R. (2018). A systemic approach to processes of power in learning organizations: Part I – Literature, theory, and methodology of triple loop learning. The Learning Organization, 25(4), 260–272. https://doi.org/10.1108/TLO-10-2017-0101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gergen, K. J. (2009). Relational being: Beyond self and community. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gergen, K. J. (2011). They mythic reality of the autonomous individual. Zygon, 46(1), 204–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gergen, K. J., McNamee, S., & Barrett, F. J. (2001). Toward transformative dialogue. International Journal of Public Administration, 24(7–8), 679–707.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giampietro, M. (2002). Complexity and scales: The challenge for integrated assessment. Integrated Assessment, 3(2/3), 247–265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gray, R. (2007). Practical bioregionalism: A philosophy for a sustainable future and a hypothetical transition strategy for Armidale, New South Wales, Australia. Futures, 39(7), 790–806.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gustafson, P., & Hertting, N. (2017). Understanding participatory governance: An analysis of participants’ motives for participation. The American Review of Public Administration, 47(5), 538–549.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Habermas, J. (1984). The theory of communicative action: Jurgen Habermas (T. McCarthy, Trans.). Boston: Beacon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hackfort, S., & Burchardt, H. J. (2018). Analyzing socio-ecological transformations – A relational approach to gender and climate adaptation. Critical Policy Studies, 12(2), 169–186.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harman, W. W. (1993). Rethinking the central institutions of modern society: Science and business. Futures, 25(10), 1063–1070.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harman, W. W. (1996). Creating a sustainable global society – The evolutionary path. World Futures: Journal of General Evolution, 47(4), 277–310.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Head, B. W. (2008). Wicked problems in public policy. Public Policy, 3(2), 101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Head, B. W., & Alford, J. (2015). Wicked problems: Implications for public policy and management. Administration and Society, 47(6), 711–739.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heath, J. (2014). Rebooting discourse ethics. Philosophy and Social Criticism, 40(9), 829–866.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herrero, P., Dedeurwaerdere, T., & Osinski, A. (2018). Design features for social learning in transformative transdisciplinary research. Sustainability Science, 14(3), 751–769.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herzig, M., & Chasin, L. (2005). Fostering dialogue across divides: A nuts and bolts guide from the Public Conversations Project.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoskins, T. K., Martin, B., & Humphries, M. (2011). The power of relational responsibility. Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organization Studies, 16(2), 22–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huitema, D., Adger, W. N., Berkhout, F., Massey, E., Mazmanian, D., Munaretto, S., Plummer, R., & Termeer, C. C. J. A. M. (2016). The governance of adaptation: Choices, reasons, and effects. Introduction to the special feature. Ecology and Society, 21(3), 37. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-08797-210337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hume, D. (2009). A treatise of human nature: Being an attempt to introduce the experimental method of reasoning into moral subjects. Auckland: The Floating Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, J., & Smith, D. E. (2018). Indigenous community governance project: Year two research findings. Canberra: Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research, Research School of Social Sciences, College of Arts & Social Sciences, The Australian National University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Husain, F. (2009). The obscure one: Understanding Unity in the language of Heraclitus. Review, 24(5), 24–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Independent Commission Against Corruption. (2007). Corruption risks in NSW development approval processes: Position paper. https://www.icac.nsw.gov.au/ArticleDocuments/232/Corruption%20risks%20in%20NSW%20development%20approval%20processes%20-%20Position%20paper.pdf.aspx. Accessed 19 Jan 2020.

  • Ison, R., Blackmore, C., & Iaquinto, B. L. (2013). Towards systemic and adaptive governance: Exploring the revealing and concealing aspects of contemporary social-learning metaphors. Ecological Economics, 87, 34–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Isaacs, W. N. (1993). Taking flight: Dialogue, collective thinking, and organizational learning. Organizational Dynamics, 22(2), 24–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, B., Lee, C., Watson, S., Dunford, S., & Coutts-Smith, A. (2016). Adaptation planning process and government adaptation architecture support regional action on climate change in New South Wales, Australia. In W. Leal Filho (Ed.), Innovation in climate change adaptation (pp. 17–29). Hamburg: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25814-0_2.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, B., Cordell, D., Chin, J., & Rowe, H. (2017). Towards phosphorus sustainability in North America: A model for transformative change. Environmental Science and Policy, 77, 151–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan, A., Huitema, D., Van Asselt, H., & Forster, J. (Eds.). (2018). Governing climate change: Polycentricity in action? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kates, R. W., Travis, W. R., & Wilbanks, T. J. (2012). Transformational adaptation when incremental adaptations to climate change are insufficient. In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201115521.

    Google Scholar 

  • König, A., & Ravetz, J. (Eds.). (2018). Sustainability science: Key issues. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kooiman, J., & Jentoft, S. (2009). Meta-governance: Values, norms and principles, and the making of hard choices. Public Administration, 87(4), 818–836.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuhn, L., Woog, R., & Salner, M. (2011). Utilizing complexity for epistemological development. World Futures, 67(4–5), 253–265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuruppu, N., & Liverman, D. (2011). Mental preparation for climate adaptation: The role of cognition and culture in enhancing adaptive capacity of water management in Kiribati. Global Environmental Change, 21(2), 657–669.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laakso, S., Berg, A., & Annala, M. (2017). Dynamics of experimental governance: A meta-study of functions and uses of climate governance experiments. Journal of Cleaner Production, 169, 8–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lange, E. A. (2018). Transforming transformative education through ontologies of relationality. Journal of Transformative Education, 16(4), 280–301.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lannamann, J. (1999). On being relational in an accountable way: The questions of agency and power. In K. J. McNamee & S. Gergen (Eds.), Relational responsibility: Resources for sustainable dialogue. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ludwig, D. C., & Longenecker, C. O. (1993). The Bathsheba syndrome: The ethical failure of successful leaders. Journal of Business Ethics, 12(4), 265–273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luitel, B. C. (2009). Culture, worldview and transformative philosophy of mathematics education in Nepal: A cultural-philosophical inquiry. Doctoral dissertation, Curtin University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manhart, S. (2018). Complex learning and the significance of measurement. In A. König & J. Jerome Ravetz (Eds.), Sustainability science: Key issues. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Markova, D., & McArthur, A. (2015). Collaborative intelligence: Thinking with people who think differently. New York: Spiegel & Grau.

    Google Scholar 

  • McNamee, S., & Gergen, K. J. (1999). Relational responsibility: Resources for sustainable dialogue. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meadows, D. (2010). Leverage points: Places to intervene in a system. Solutions Journal, 1(1), 41–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mezirow, J., & Taylor, E. W. (2009). Transformative learning in practice: Insights from community, workplace, and higher education. San Francisco: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukheibir, P., Kuruppu, N., Gero, A., & Herriman, J. (2013). Overcoming cross-scale challenges to climate change adaptation for local government: A focus on Australia. Climatic Change, 121(2), 271–283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nicolescu, B. (2014). Methodology of transdisciplinarity. World Futures, 70(3–4), 186–199.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • NSW Government. (2018a). Department of Planning. http://www.planning.nsw.gov.au/plans-for-your-area/regional-plans. Accessed 6 Sept 2018.

  • NSW Government. (2018b). Western enabling regional adaptation: Far West region report. Sydney: Office of Environment and Heritage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Office of Local Government. (2018). https://www.olg.nsw.gov.au/strengthening-local-government/conduct-and-governance/model-code-of-conduct. Accessed 6 Jan 2020.

  • Ostrom, E. (1993). Design principles in long-enduring irrigation institutions. Water Resources Research, 29(7), 1907–1912.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom, E. (2009). A polycentric approach for coping with climate change. Bloomington: The World Bank.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom, E. (2010). Beyond markets and states: Polycentric governance of complex economic systems. American Economic Review, 100(3), 641–672.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ostrom, E., & Basurto, X. (2011). Crafting analytical tools to study institutional change. Journal of Institutional Economics, 7(3), 317–343.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pahl-Wostl, C. (2009). A conceptual framework for analysing adaptive capacity and multi-level learning processes in resource governance regimes. Global Environmental Change, 19(3), 354–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pahl-Wostl, C. (2017). An evolutionary perspective on water governance: From understanding to transformation. Water Resources Management, 31(10), 2917–2932.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pahl-Wostl, C., Craps, M., Dewulf, A., Mostert, E., Tabara, D., & Taillieu, T. (2007). Social learning and water resources management. Ecology and Society, 12(2).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pahl-Wostl, C., Becker, G., Knieper, C., & Sendzimir, J. (2013). How multilevel societal learning processes facilitate transformative change: A comparative case study analysis on flood management. Ecology and Society, 18(4), 58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park, S. E., Marshall, N. A., Jakku, E., Dowd, A. M., Howden, S. M., Mendham, E., & Fleming, A. (2012). Informing adaptation responses to climate change through theories of transformation. Global Environmental Change, 22(1), 115–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parvin, P. (2018). Democracy without participation: A new politics for a disengaged era. Res Publica, 24(1), 31–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parvin, P., & Saunders, B. (2018). The ethics of political participation: Engagement and democracy in the 21st century. Res Publica, 24(1), 3–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pasquini, L., Ziervogel, G., Cowling, R. M., & Shearing, C. (2015). What enables local governments to mainstream climate change adaptation? Lessons learned from two municipal case studies in the Western Cape, South Africa. Climate and Development, 7(1), 60–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pelling, M., & Manuel-Navarrete, D. (2011). From resilience to transformation: The adaptive cycle in two Mexican urban centers. Ecology and Society, 16(2): 11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillipson, N., & Wegerif, R. (2016). Dialogic education: Mastering core concepts through thinking together. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Popa, F., Guillermin, M., & Dedeurwaerdere, T. (2015). A pragmatist approach to transdisciplinarity in sustainability research: From complex systems theory to reflexive science. Futures, 65, 45–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Poynting, S., & Whyte, D. (2017). Special edition: Corruption downunder: Guest editors’ introduction. International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy, 6(4), 1-11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Preston, B. L., Mustelin, J., & Maloney, M. C. (2015). Climate adaptation heuristics and the science/policy divide. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 20(3), 467–497.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Price, T. L. (2000). Explaining ethical failures of leadership. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 21(4), 177–184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reed, M., Evely, A. C., Cundill, G., Fazey, I. R. A., Glass, J., Laing, A., Newig, J., Parrish, B., Prell, C., Raymond, C., & Stringer, L. (2010). What is social learning? Ecology and Society, 15(4), r1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodela, R. (2011). Social learning and natural resource management: The emergence of three research perspectives. Ecology and Society, 16(4): 30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ross, K., & Mitchell, C. (2018). Transforming Transdisciplinarity: An expansion of strong transdisciplinarity and its centrality in enabling effective collaboration. In D. Fam, L. Nuehauser, & P. Gibbs (Eds.), The art of collaborative research and collective learning: Transdisciplinary theory. Practice and Education: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salner, M. (1986). Adult cognitive and epistemological development in systems education. Systems Research, 3(4), 225–232.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schipper, E. L. F. (2007). Climate change adaptation and development: Exploring the linkages. Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research Working Paper, 107, 13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senge, P. M. (2006). The fifth discipline: The art and practice of the learning organization. New York: Doubleday.

    Google Scholar 

  • Slife, B. D., & Richardson, F. C. (2010). Review of relational being: Beyond self and community. The Journal of Social Psychology, 150(2), 226.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sprain, L. (2017). Paradoxes of public participation in climate change governance. The Good Society, 25(1), 62–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spretnak, C. (2011). Relational reality. Topsham: Green Horizon Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sterling, S. (2003). Whole systems thinking as a basis for paradigm change in education. PhD paper, University of Bath.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sterling, S. (2010). Transformative learning and sustainability: Sketching the conceptual ground. Learning and Teaching in Higher Education, 5(11), 17–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Suchman, A. L. (2002). An introduction to complex responsive process. Relationship Centred Health Care. University of Hertfordshire.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swarnakar, P., Zavestoski, S., & Pattnaik, B. K. (Eds.). (2017). ‘Bottom-up’Approaches in governance and adaptation for sustainable development: Case studies from India and Bangladesh. Thousand Oks: SAGE Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sydney Morning Herald. (2017). https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/a-local-council-a-developer-and-an-empty-block-of-land-worth-50m-20170123-gtx2ji.html. Accessed 19 Dec 2019.

  • Termeer, C. J., Dewulf, A., & Biesbroek, G. R. (2017). Transformational change: Governance interventions for climate change adaptation from a continuous change perspective. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 60(4), 558–576.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Koppen, K., Lijmbach, S., Margadant, M., & Wals, A. E. J. (2002). ‘Your nature is not mine!’ Developing pluralism in the classroom. Environmental Education Research, 8(2), 121–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verbos, A. K., & Humphries, M. (2015). Amplifying a relational ethic: A contribution to PRME praxis. Business and Society Review, 120(1), 23–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vinke-de Kruijf, J., Pahl-Wostl, C., & Knieper, C. (2018). Wider learning outcomes of European climate change adaptation projects: A qualitative comparative analysis. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 34(March 2020), 270-297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wals, A. E. (Ed.). (2007). Social learning towards a sustainable world: Principles, perspectives, and praxis. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wals, A. E., & Peters, M. A. (2017). Flowers of resistance: Citizen science, ecological democracy and the transgressive education paradigm. In Sustainability science (pp. 29–52). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wals, A. E., van der Hoeven, E. M. M. M., & Blanken, H. (2009). The acoustics of social learning: Designing learning processes that contribute to a more sustainable world. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weick, K. E. (1976). Educational organizations as loosely coupled systems. Administrative Science Quarterly, 21, 1–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, C. (1983). Ideology, interests, and information: The basis of policy positions. In D. Callahan & B. Jennings (Eds.), Ethics, the social sciences, and policy analysis (pp. 213–245). The Hastings Center Institute of Society Ethics and the Life Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Western Sydney Diabetes. (2017a). Western Sydney Diabetes Plan 2018. Western Sydney Diabetes Prevention Alliance. Available at: https://westernsydneydiabetes.com.au/themes/default/basemedia/content/files/WSD-2018-Plan.pdf. Accessed 25 Sept 2018.

  • Western Sydney Diabetes. (2017b). Investment opportunity: Primary prevention September Western Sydney Diabetes Prevention Alliance.

    Google Scholar 

  • Western Sydney Diabetes. (2018). Western Sydney Diabetes plan 2018 Western Sydney Diabetes Prevention Alliance. Available at: https://westernsydneydiabetes.com.au/themes/default/basemedia/content/files/WSD-2018-Plan.pdf. Accessed 2 Oct 2018.

  • Whitten, S., Van Bueren, M., & Collins, D. (2003). An overview of market-based instruments and environmental policy in Australia. In AARES Symposium.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willi, Y., Pütz, M., & Müller, M. (2018). Towards a versatile and multidimensional framework to analyse regional governance. Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space, 36(5), 775–795.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yanow, D. (2003). ‘Accessing Local Knowledge: Policy Analysis and Communities of Meaning’. In: M. Hajer and H. Wagenaar (eds.), Deliberative Policy Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuthas, K., Dillard, J. F., & Rogers, R. K. (2004). Beyond agency and structure: Triple-loop learning. Journal of Business Ethics, 51(2), 229–243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zavestoski, S., & Swarnakar, P. (2017). 'Neither ‘top-down’nor ‘bottom-up’: A ‘middle-out’alternative to sustainable development'. In: P. Swarnakar, S. Zavestoski and B. Pattnaik (eds.), Bottom-up’ Approaches in Governance and Adaptation for Sustainable Development: Case Studies from India and Bangladesh. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhong, H., Levalle, R. R., Moghaddam, M., & Nof, S. Y. (2015). Collaborative intelligence-definition and measured impacts on internetworked e-work. Management and Production Engineering Review, 6(1), 67–78.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Suzanne Dunford for early discussions that led to our exploration of the concepts in this paper. We also thank Janine Dawson of the WSD Prevention Alliance for assistance with the development of the collaborative governance case study. Funding for this research was provided by the NSW Government’s Climate Change Adaptation Research Hub.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Isabel Sebastian .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Sebastian, I., Jacobs, B. (2020). The Emergence of Relationality in Governance of Climate Change Adaptation. In: The Palgrave Handbook of Climate Resilient Societies. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32811-5_20-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32811-5_20-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-32811-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-32811-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Earth and Environm. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Earth and Environmental Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics