God images are psychological constructs of thoughts and feelings, coalesced into a complex relational gestalt. God images were once critiqued by psychologists of religion as projections, personifications to be rejected. Now they are recognized by contemporary psychologists of religion for their ability to provide psychological strength and resilience. They provide structure and improve functioning on the individual and the social level by helping us internalize a moral code and a shared world view.
Male God images hold sway over the mainstream religious imagination, affecting conscious and unconscious cultural mores and theological traditions. Male God images are particularly effective in structuring and strengthening the individual and his/her society. Replicating the Western traditional father’s role of provider, role model, and disciplinarian on the cosmic stage, male God images provide a sense of belonging, safety, and a clear moral compass. However, these benefits are not without...
Bibliography
Beit-Hallahmi, B., & Argyle, M. (1975). God as father projection: The theory and the evidence. The British Journal of Medical Psychology, 48, 71–75.
Daly, M. (1973). Beyond God the father: Toward a philosophy of women’s liberation. Boston: Beacon.
Edinger, E. F. (1996). The new God-image: A study of Jung’s key letters concerning the evolution of the western God-image (D. D. Cordic & C. Yates, Eds.). Wilmette: Chiron.
Fowler, J. W. (1981). Stages of faith: The psychology of human development and the quest for meaning. San Francisco: HarperCollins.
Freud, S. (1918/1950). Totem and taboo: Some points of agreement between the mental lives of savages and neurotics (trans: Brill, A. A.), SE 13. New York: Norton.
Freud, S. (1928/1975). The future of an illusion (trans: Strachey, J.). New York: Norton.
Genia, V. (1995). Counseling and psychotherapy of religious clients: A developmental approach. Westport. Praeger.
Jung, C. G. (1958). A psychological approach to the dogma of the trinity. In Psychology and religion: West and East, CW 11 (trans: Hull, R. F. C.) (Vol. 11, pp. 107–200). Collected Works of C. G. Jung: Bollingen Series XX (H. Read, M. Fordham, & G. Adler, Eds.). New York: Pantheon.
Meissner, W. W. (1984). Psychoanalysis and religious experience. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Peterson, A. O. (2005). The dynamic God image: Psychoanalytic object relational, developmental and Jungian theories of God image and their implications for psychotherapy. Dissertation, UMI, California Institute of Integral Studies.
Rizzuto, A.-M. (1979). The birth of the living God: A psychoanalytic study. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Vergote, A., & Tamayo, A. (1981). The parental figures and the representation of God: A psychological and cross-cultural study. In Religion and society (Vol. 21). The Hague: Mouton.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this entry
Cite this entry
Peterson, A. (2020). Male God Images. In: Leeming, D.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24348-7_399
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24348-7_399
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-24347-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-24348-7
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences