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Application of Nanosilicon and Nanochitosan to Diminish the Use of Pesticides and Synthetic Fertilizers in Crop Production

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Handbook of Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites for Energy and Environmental Applications

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Abstract

Modern agriculture and human nutrition depend on the use of agrochemicals. Among these are pesticides and synthetic fertilizers that cause a significant impact on ecosystems. It is desirable, therefore, to have alternatives that without reducing the production of food and its quality, reduce the amount and variety of pesticides and synthetic fertilizers used. Nanosilicon and nanochitosan are attractive materials due to their low environmental impact and their ability to induce positive responses in soils and plants. Compared with bulk materials, the use of nanometric materials significantly increases their effectiveness. The application of nanosilicon and nanochitosan to the soil, either individually or in combination, increases the bioavailability of mineral nutrients, reducing the need to apply copious amounts of fertilizers. On the other hand, the adverse effects of salinity, water deficit, heavy metals, and root pathogens are mitigated, reducing the need for pesticide use and increasing tolerance to environmental stress in plants. When applied by foliar spraying the impacts of nanosilicon and nanochitosan are equally positive, functioning as biostimulant compounds that induce and strengthen the defense mechanisms of plants against biotic and abiotic stresses, in addition to increasing their nutritional quality. The result obtained is a combination of stronger crops and an edaphic system that supports more productive plants. This chapter presents updated information about the agricultural application of nanosilicon and nanochitosan with the objective of reducing the use of pesticides and synthetic fertilizers, mitigating the environmental impact of the agricultural activity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science and Technology, Autonomous Agricultural University Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Mexico

    Armando Robledo-Olivo

  2. Department of Horticulture, Autonomous Agricultural University Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Mexico

    Marcelino Cabrera-De la Fuente & Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza

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  1. Armando Robledo-Olivo
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  2. Marcelino Cabrera-De la Fuente
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  3. Adalberto Benavides-Mendoza
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico

    Oxana Vasilievna Kharissova

  2. Instituto de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, Mexico

    Leticia Myriam Torres Martínez

  3. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico

    Boris Ildusovich Kharisov

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Robledo-Olivo, A., Cabrera-De la Fuente, M., Benavides-Mendoza, A. (2021). Application of Nanosilicon and Nanochitosan to Diminish the Use of Pesticides and Synthetic Fertilizers in Crop Production. In: Kharissova, O.V., Martínez, L.M.T., Kharisov, B.I. (eds) Handbook of Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites for Energy and Environmental Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11155-7_47-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-11155-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-11155-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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