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Handbook of Polymer and Ceramic Nanotechnology pp 1–17Cite as

Polymeric and Ceramic Nanoparticles: Possible Role in Biomedical Applications

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Abstract

Nanotechnology is an emerging field that deals with the study, design, and application of materials with structural features having at least one dimension in the nanometer range (1–100 nm). The unique size-dependent properties of nanoparticles make them potential candidates for their applications in different areas, ranging from environmental science to an emerging multidisciplinary field that includes chemistry, physics, biology, and medicine. Therefore, it is very important to understand their nature at cellular and biomolecular level. The interaction of nanoparticles with biological macromolecules, such as protein and DNA, proved to be beneficial in therapeutic fields ranging from molecular diagnostics and biosensors to drug discovery, gene/protein delivery, and drug delivery.

Literature is rich in reports illustrating the role of polymeric and ceramic nanoparticle in numerous diagnostic, pharmaceutical, and medical fields because of a number of properties associated with them such as good biocompatibility, easy design, chemical inertness, and high heat resistance. Various natural and synthetic polymers are used to synthesize polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), and the mostly employed synthetic biocompatible polymers are polyethylene glycol (PEG), polylactic acid (PLA), and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). The different types of ceramic nanoparticles (CNPs) used are titania-based ceramics, alumina ceramics, calcium phosphate (CaP), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), hydroxyapatite (HAP), calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate, and bioactive glass ceramics. Among all the areas of polymer and ceramics nanoparticle applications, the most explored one is the biomedical field. Both PNPs and CNPs have been employed as drug delivery agents against various diseases, including cancer, because of their biocompatibility with cells and tissue. Understanding their potential biomedical applications at the molecular level will provide major insight into its future developments and can hold a promising future in numerous areas of health and medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Rajdhani College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Shikha Kaushik

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  1. Shikha Kaushik
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Correspondence to Shikha Kaushik .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Chemistry and EVSC, New Jersey InstTech, 151 D Tiernan-NJIT, Newark, NJ, USA

    Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain

  2. Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India

    Sabu Thomas

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Kaushik, S. (2020). Polymeric and Ceramic Nanoparticles: Possible Role in Biomedical Applications. In: Hussain, C., Thomas, S. (eds) Handbook of Polymer and Ceramic Nanotechnology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10614-0_39-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10614-0_39-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-10614-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-10614-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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