Progresses on Polymer Nanocomposites: Drug Delivery Systems and Sensitive Detections

Karadurmus, Leyla; Esim, Ozgur; Bakirhan, Nurgul K.; Savaser, Ayhan; Ozkan, Yalcin; Ozkan, Sibel A.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-10614-0_18-1

Leyla Karadurmus^3,6,
Ozgur Esim⁴,
Nurgul K. Bakirhan⁵,
Ayhan Savaser⁴,
Yalcin Ozkan⁴ &
…
Sibel A. Ozkan⁷

241 Accesses

Abstract

Polymers are vital material class in academic and commercial terms. Polymers can be obtained in many different morphologies depending on the synthesis methods. In advanced nanotechnology, the importance of monomers capable of reacting with many functional groups is significant. In recent years, efforts to combine nanomaterials with polymers have increased. In general, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and fullerenes have received increased interest due to nanocarbon materials containing quantum dots, unique structural properties, and exceptional physicochemical properties. Polymeric composite nano fibers with superior electrical conductivity, high porosity and unique matte structure have demonstrated numerous advantages and promising features in tissue engineering and sensor design. Composites obtained by combining two or more materials having different physicochemical properties can be separated into polymeric, ceramic, and metallic materials depending on the structure of the matrix phase. Among these composites, polymer types are commonly used in a wide variety of technical applications because polymers as matrix phase provide advantages over other materials such as workability, allowing the composites to be converted into intricate, lightweight components. Composite materials, due to their superior properties and versatility, have shown an increasing interest for various applications in environmental improvement.

In recent years a strong emphasis has been placed on the development of polymeric nanocomposites where at least one of the dimensions of the filler material has nanometer order. In general, the unique combination of properties of nanomaterials, such as the size, mechanical properties, and low concentrations required to affect the change in a polymer matrix, has attracted much interest in the field of nanocomposites when combined with the advanced characterization and simulation techniques currently available.

The extraordinary versatility of the nanocomposites allows them to be used as drug delivery systems. But these systems must be noncorrosive, nontoxic, and easy to remove if necessary for biomedical applications. Thus, a polymer nanocomposite must meet certain design and functional criteria, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical properties, and, in some cases, aesthetic demands.

In this chapter, we provide an overview of the use of polymer-based composites in drug analysis and highlight the properties of polymer nanocomposites as drug delivery systems. The structure of the polymer nanocomposites was also identified.

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Abbreviations

AB:: Acetate buffer
AdSSWV:: Adsorptive stripping squarewave voltammetry
ASDPV:: Adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetry
AuNPs:: Gold nanoparticles
BRB:: Britton–Robinson buffer
CBS:: Citrate buffer solution
CE:: Carbon electrode
CHI:: Chitosan
CHPA:: 2-Chloro-N-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-acetamide
CPE:: Carbon paste electrode
CuO:: Copper oxide
CV:: Cyclic voltammetry
CysA:: Cysteamine
DPASV:: Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetric
DPV:: Differential pulse voltammetry
ERGO:: Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide
ET:: Electrochemically treated
FSA:: Ferrocene–sulfonic acid
GaN:: Gallium nitride
GCE:: Glassy carbon electrode
GR:: Functionalized graphene
GQDs:: Graphene quantum dots
HRP:: Horseradish peroxidase
ITO:: Indium tin oxide
LSV:: Linear sweep voltammetry
MIP:: Molecularly imprinted polymer
MWCNTs:: Multi-walled carbon nanotubes
Naf:: Nafion
NBS:: Neutral buffer solution
NiPILNF:: Nickel-poly(MImEO8BS)-nafion
NPPy:: Nano polypyrrole
OPE-NH2:: Oligo(phenylene ethynylene) 1,4-bis (4-aminophenylethynyl)benzene
PAM:: Polyacrylamide
PANI:: Polyaniline
PAY:: Poly(acid yellow 9)
PBS:: Phosphate buffer solution
PEDOT:: Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)
Poly-DPB:: Poly-[2,5-di-(2-thienyl)-1H-pyrrole-1-(p-benzoic acid)
PGE:: Pencil graphite electrode
PIG:: Polyvinyl alcohol iron oxide graphene
POA:: Poly(o-anisidine)
PPy:: Polypyrrole
PSS:: Poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)
PSSA:: Poly(sulfosalicylic acid)
PTA:: Polytyramine
rGO:: Reduced graphene oxide
SDBS:: Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate
SPCE:: Screen-printed carbon electrode
SPE:: Screen-printed electrode
SWNT:: Single-walled carbon nanotube
SWV:: Squarewave voltammetry
TNPs:: Titanium dioxide nanoparticle

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Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
Leyla Karadurmus
Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
Ozgur Esim, Ayhan Savaser & Yalcin Ozkan
Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemsitry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
Nurgul K. Bakirhan
Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Adıyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
Leyla Karadurmus
Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
Sibel A. Ozkan

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Leyla Karadurmus
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Ozgur Esim
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Nurgul K. Bakirhan
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Ayhan Savaser
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Yalcin Ozkan
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Sibel A. Ozkan
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Dept. of Chemistry and EVSC, New Jersey InstTech, 151 D Tiernan-NJIT, Newark, NJ, USA
Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
Centre for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
Sabu Thomas

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Karadurmus, L., Esim, O., Bakirhan, N.K., Savaser, A., Ozkan, Y., Ozkan, S.A. (2019). Progresses on Polymer Nanocomposites: Drug Delivery Systems and Sensitive Detections. In: Hussain, C., Thomas, S. (eds) Handbook of Polymer and Ceramic Nanotechnology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10614-0_18-1

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10614-0_18-1
Received: 18 January 2019
Accepted: 24 April 2019
Published: 02 August 2019
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-10614-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-10614-0
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