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DDX3, Cofactors, and RNA Export

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  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of AIDS

  • 171 Accesses

Definition

RNA helicases are enzymes that bind to RNA, hydrolyze ATP in an RNA-binding-dependent manner, and separate two annealed RNA duplex strands. Based on sequencing data, there are approximately 85 deduced RNA helicases in the human genome. They have been postulated to have many different functions inside cells. DDX3 is a DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box RNA helicase protein. There are two forms of the protein. DDX3X is encoded on the X chromosome at position Xp11.3-p11.23 while DDX3Y is located at Yq11. The X-encoded protein and the Y-encoded protein are 91% identical. The DDX3 helicase has attributed roles in pre-mRNA splicing, RNA export, and translation of mRNAs, among other functions.

Organization of DDX3 Protein

There are five superfamilies of helicases, SF1–5 (Kwong et al. 2005). DDX3 is a member of the SF2 family of helicases. Helicases are operationally defined by whether they can bind single- or double-stranded nucleic acids, unwind RNA or DNA, or both, in either 5′ to 3′ or...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Virology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892-0460, MD, USA

    Venkat R. K. Yedavalli

Authors
  1. Venkat R. K. Yedavalli
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Correspondence to Venkat R. K. Yedavalli .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Medical Research Center, Chicago, IL, USA

    Thomas J. Hope

  2. VA San Diego Healthcare System and University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Douglas D. Richman

  3. Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA

    Mario Stevenson

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Yedavalli, V.R.K. (2018). DDX3, Cofactors, and RNA Export. In: Hope, T.J., Richman, D.D., Stevenson, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_77

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_77

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7100-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7101-5

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