Definition
Entry inhibitors are one of the six mechanistic classes of antiretroviral drugs used for the treatment of HIV infection. HIV entry inhibitors interfere with the entry of HIV into its target cell, the human CD4+ T-lymphocyte. By inhibiting this step in the HIV life cycle, entry inhibitors and ultimately slow the progression of HIV infection. In targeting the first step in the HIV life cycle before the virus enters the cell, entry inhibitors are distinct from other classes of antiretroviral agents for HIV infection that target HIV after it has entered and infected a CD4+ cell. Some HIV entry inhibitors are also distinct in targeting a host-cell receptor, rather than a viral protein.
Introduction
There are three major steps involved in HIV entry into a human CD4+ cell: (1) attachment to the CD4 receptor, (2) attachment to the chemokine receptor, and (3) fusion of the viral membrane with the host-cell membrane. These steps are shown in Fig. 1. Several viral proteins are...
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Burke, L.A., Gulick, R.M. (2018). Entry Inhibitors. In: Hope, T.J., Richman, D.D., Stevenson, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_447
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_447
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