Definition
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a herpesvirus that infects most individuals worldwide. It establishes latency and persists for the life of the individual usually only producing overt disease in individuals with immature immune systems (e.g., fetuses following stem cell transplant) or the immunocompromised (solid organ transplant, AIDS). Detection of active CMV infection in a patient is thus an indicator of functional suppression of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) as well as a harbinger of serious end-organ disease.
Introduction
CMV is first acquired in developing countries early in childhood where seroprevalence in adults may be over 90%. In developed countries, primary infection is delayed into adulthood in many people (adult seroprevalence rates are 50–60% although seroprevalence is higher in those at risk of HIV infection including MSMs and intravenous drug users.) Infection is spread within families through contact with saliva and urine of young children, particularly as viral...
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Griffiths, P., Ramsay, I. (2018). Cytomegalovirus Infection and HIV. In: Hope, T.J., Richman, D.D., Stevenson, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_420
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_420
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