Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Gamma Delta T Cells

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of AIDS

  • 96 Accesses

Definition

Human T cells recognize infectious agents or cancer through two main types of cell surface antigen receptors. CD4+ or CD8+ cells express alpha and beta chains to form the αβ T cell receptor (TCR). An alternate T cell receptor is made from gamma and delta chains (γδ TCR). The αβ TCR recognizes peptides presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Molecular targets for γδ TCR include non-peptidic antigens that are recognized without MHC presentation. During early phases of HIV disease, the major subset of γδ T cells in blood is extensively depleted or inactivated. Consequently, HIV patients have profound γδ T cell deficiencies and fail to generate normal γδ T cell responses to phosphoantigens (five-carbon pyrophosphates made by the host or selected microbes). The phosphoantigen response is important for natural tumor immunity, for tuberculosis resistance, for immune regulation and probably for HIV control. Thus, γδ T cell depletion occurring in every infected...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 1,099.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 1,599.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Agrati C, D’Offizi G, Gougeon ML, Malkovsky M, Sacchi A, Casetti R, Bordoni V, Cimini E, Martini F. Innate gamma/delta T-cells during HIV infection: Terra relatively Incognita in novel vaccination strategies? AIDS Rev. 2011;13(1):3–12.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ali Z, Shao L, Halliday L, Reichenberg A, Hintz M, Jomaa H, Chen ZW. Prolonged (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate-driven antimicrobial and cytotoxic responses of pulmonary and systemic Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells in macaques. J Immunol. 2007;179(12):8287–96. (Baltimore, Md : 1950), PMCID: Pmc2865221.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Caccamo N, Todaro M, Sireci G, Meraviglia S, Stassi G, Dieli F. Mechanisms underlying lineage commitment and plasticity of human gammadelta T cells. Cell Mol Immunol. 2013;10(1):30–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cairo C, Armstrong CL, Cummings JS, Deetz CO, Tan M, Lu C, Davis CE, Pauza CD. Impact of age, gender, and race on circulating gammadelta T cells. Hum Immunol. 2010;71(10):968–75. PMCID: Pmc2941533.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhry S, Cairo C, Venturi V, Pauza CD. The gammadelta T-cell receptor repertoire is reconstituted in HIV patients after prolonged antiretroviral therapy. AIDS (Lond Engl). 2013;27(10):1557–62.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen ZW, Letvin NL. Vgamma2Vdelta2+ T cells and anti-microbial immune responses. Microbes Infect Instit Pasteur. 2003;5(6):491–8. PMCID: Pmc2873077.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fournie JJ, Sicard H, Poupot M, Bezombes C, Blanc A, Romagne F, Ysebaert L, Laurent G. What lessons can be learned from gammadelta T cell-based cancer immunotherapy trials? Cell Mol Immunol. 2013;10(1):35–41.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kalyan S, Kabelitz D. Defining the nature of human gammadelta T cells: a biographical sketch of the highly empathetic. Cell Mol Immunol. 2013;10(1):21–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li H, Pauza CD. HIV envelope-mediated, CCR5/alpha4beta7-dependent killing of CD4-negative gammadelta T cells which are lost during progression to AIDS. Blood. 2011;118(22):5824–31. PMCID: Pmc3228498.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li H, Chaudhry S, Poonia B, Shao Y, Pauza CD. Depletion and dysfunction of Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells in HIV disease: mechanisms, impacts and therapeutic implications. Cell Mol Immunol. 2013;10(1):42–9. PMCID: Pmc3753036.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pauza CD, Riedel DJ, Gilliam BL, Redfield RR. Targeting gammadelta T cells for immunotherapy of HIV disease. Futur Virol. 2011;6(1):73–84. PMCID: Pmc3041588.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riganti C, Massaia M, Davey MS, Eberl M. Human gammadelta T-cell responses in infection and immunotherapy: common mechanisms, common mediators? Eur J Immunol. 2012;42(7):1668–76.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shao L, Zhang W, Zhang S, Chen CY, Jiang W, Xu Y, Meng C, Weng X, Chen ZW. Potent immune responses of Ag-specific Vgamma2Vdelta2+ T cells and CD8+ T cells associated with latent stage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis coinfection in HIV-1-infected humans. AIDS (Lond Engl). 2008;22(17):2241–50. PMCID: Pmc2743094.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shen L, Shen Y, Huang D, Qiu L, Sehgal P, Du GZ, Miller MD, Letvin NL, Chen ZW. Development of Vgamma2Vdelta2+ T cell responses during active mycobacterial coinfection of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques requires control of viral infection and immune competence of CD4+ T cells. J Infect Dis. 2004;190(8):1438–47. PMCID: Pmc2865241.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wesch D, Hinz T, Kabelitz D. Analysis of the TCR Vgamma repertoire in healthy donors and HIV-1-infected individuals. Int Immunol. 1998;10(8):1067–75.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 W. Lombard St., Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA

    C. David Pauza

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Primate Biomedical Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine Chicago, 909 S. Wolcott Ave, MC790; E704, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Zheng W. Chen

Authors
  1. C. David Pauza
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zheng W. Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. David Pauza .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Robert H. Lurie Medical Research Center, Chicago, IL, USA

    Thomas J. Hope

  2. VA San Diego Healthcare System and University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Douglas D. Richman

  3. Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA

    Mario Stevenson

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media LLC

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Pauza, C.D., Chen, Z.W. (2018). Gamma Delta T Cells. In: Hope, T.J., Richman, D.D., Stevenson, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_182

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_182

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7100-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7101-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineReference Module Medicine

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation