Glossary
Exploration, recovery, team-based methods, in situ combustion, oil mining, oil sand mining, hot-water process, bitumen, in situ conversion, the future.
Definition of the Subject
Depletion of the reserves of conventional (easy-to-refine) crude oil is continuing at a noticeable rate, and other sources of hydrocarbons are required – these include crude oil from tight formations, heavy oil (a type of petroleum), and bitumen from oil sand (tar sand) deposits.
Introduction
Petroleum occurs in the microscopic pores of sedimentary rocks that form a reservoir – typically, reservoir rock consists of sand, sandstone, limestone, or dolomite. However, not all the pores in a rock will contain petroleum – some will be filled with water or brine that is saturated with minerals. Both oil and gas have a low specific gravity relative to water and, because of this density difference, will pass through the more porous sections of reservoir rock from their source area to the surface unless...
Keywords
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Speight, J.G. (2017). Petroleum and Oil Sand Exploration and Production. In: Meyers, R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2493-6_99-3
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