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Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology pp 1–9Cite as

Construction Planning, Environmental Impact of Foundation Studies and Earthquake Issues

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Glossary

Aftershocks:

Smaller earthquakes following the largest one (the main shock).

Amplification:

Increase in the amplitude of earthquake wave depending on the nature of ground.

Amplitude:

The maximum height of a wave crest or depth of a trough.

Attenuation:

Decrease in the amplitude of earthquake waves.

Earthquake:

The vibration of the Earth caused by the passage of seismic waves.

Epicenter:

The point on ground surface directly above the focus (hypocenter) of an earthquake.

Focus:

The place at which an earthquake is initiated.

Frequency:

Number of vibrations per unit time.

Fundamental period:

It is the period of an oscillating structure when subjected to shaking.

Ground motion:

Movements of ground caused by the vibrations of earthquake.

Intensity:

A measure of ground shaking obtained from damage to man-made structures (Modified Mercalli scale).

Isoseismal map:

Contour lines drawn to separate one level of seismic intensity from another for a given earthquake or maximum intensity...

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Bibliography

Primary Literature

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Isra University, Hyderabad, Pakistan

    Asadullah Kazi

  2. P.E. LaMoreaux & Associates, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA

    Bashir Memon

Authors
  1. Asadullah Kazi
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  2. Bashir Memon
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Asadullah Kazi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ramtech Ltd., Larkspur, California, USA

    Robert A. Meyers

Section Editor information

  1. P.E. LaMoreaux & Associates, Inc., Tuscaloosa, AL, USA

    James LaMoreaux Chairman

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Kazi, A., Memon, B. (2018). Construction Planning, Environmental Impact of Foundation Studies and Earthquake Issues. In: Meyers, R. (eds) Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2493-6_442-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2493-6_442-3

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  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-2493-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-2493-6

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