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Update on HIV-1 and HIV-2 Dual Infection

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of AIDS

Definition

Dual HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection is the coexistence of the two viruses in an individual. It is most frequent in West Africa where HIV-2 is endemic. Dual HIV infection can be proven only by the presence of both HIV-1 and HIV-2 DNA or RNA using type-specific PCR for the isolation of both viruses from the same individual. However, HIV-2 RNA may not be detectable and therefore cannot be used as a diagnostic test. In addition, diagnosis based on rapid HIV testing, often used in West Africa, is often unreliable.

Introduction

Although human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is responsible for most of the global AIDS pandemic, HIV type 2 (HIV-2) is an important cause of disease in a number of regions of the world. However, based on this origin (Kanki et al. 1987), HIV-2 epidemic has remained essentially confined to West Africa with a limited spread to other regions (Kanki et al. 1987). In West Africa, 9–16 % of HIV-infected patients are estimated to be dually infected...

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Département de Santé Publique, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Lomé (Togo), Lomé, Togo

    Didier Koumavi Ekouevi

  2. Programme PACCI, Site ANRS, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

    Didier Koumavi Ekouevi & Serge Paul Eholie

  3. INSERM U-897, Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Biostatistique, ISPED, Université Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

    Didier Koumavi Ekouevi

  4. Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU de Treichville, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

    Serge Paul Eholie

  5. Département de Dermatologie-Infectiologie, Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Médicales, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

    Serge Paul Eholie

Authors
  1. Didier Koumavi Ekouevi
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  2. Serge Paul Eholie
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Correspondence to Didier Koumavi Ekouevi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Cell & Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Thomas J. Hope

  2. Office of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA

    Mario Stevenson

  3. University of California, San Diego Dept. Pathology, La Jolla, California, USA

    Douglas Richman

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Ekouevi, D.K., Eholie, S.P. (2013). Update on HIV-1 and HIV-2 Dual Infection. In: Hope, T., Stevenson, M., Richman, D. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_49-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_49-1

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