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HIV-2 Infection: The Role of Immune Activation in Pathogenesis

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  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of AIDS

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Definition

Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is a retrovirus of the Lentivirus genus that may cause AIDS. However, the pace of disease development during an HIV-2 infection is much slower as compared with the course of an HIV-1 infection. In fact, many HIV-2-infected individuals may never develop AIDS. Several parameters influence the rate of HIV disease progression, and heightened level of chronic immune activation is one such factor. Chronic immune activation can be depicted by a wide range of dysregulated immunological responses, including increased frequencies of activated, but virus-unspecific, immune cells. Elevated levels of circulating cytokines, inflammation markers, and microbial products are also traits of chronic immune activation during an HIV infection.

HIV-2 Infection, a Long-Term Nonprogressive Lentiviral Disease

The human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is a Lentivirus with distinct pathogenesis, despite its close relationship to HIV-1 (Table 1) (de...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Salma Nowroozalizadeh & Marianne Jansson

  2. Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

    Marianne Jansson

Authors
  1. Salma Nowroozalizadeh
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  2. Marianne Jansson
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Correspondence to Marianne Jansson .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Cell & Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Thomas J. Hope

  2. Office of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA

    Mario Stevenson

  3. University of California, San Diego Dept. Pathology, La Jolla, California, USA

    Douglas Richman

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Nowroozalizadeh, S., Jansson, M. (2013). HIV-2 Infection: The Role of Immune Activation in Pathogenesis. In: Hope, T., Stevenson, M., Richman, D. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_46-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_46-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-9610-6

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