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M. avium Complex and Other Nontuberculous Mycobacteria and HIV

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Encyclopedia of AIDS

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Mycobacterium avium Complex

Definition

Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) comprises two closely related acid-fast bacteria, M. avium and M. intracellulare. The most common clinical presentation of disease due to these organisms in adults is infection of the respiratory tract, primarily seen in immunocompetent individuals with underlying chronic pulmonary disease, while disseminated infection is primarily a complication of advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Although the incidence of disseminated MAC infection (dMAC) has declined significantly with the widespread use of potent combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), it still remains an important complication of advanced HIV infection.

Epidemiology

Mycobacterium aviumcomplex organisms are thought to have little virulence in the normal host, and prior to the onset of the HIV epidemic had mostly been recognized as a cause of localized pneumonia in persons with chronic pulmonary disease. Reports of dMAC infection were...

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, The University of California, 200 W. Arbor Drive, 8208, 92103, San Diego, CA, USA

    Jeffrey D. Jenks & Constance A. Benson

Authors
  1. Jeffrey D. Jenks
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  2. Constance A. Benson
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Correspondence to Jeffrey D. Jenks .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. Cell & Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Thomas J. Hope

  2. Office of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA

    Mario Stevenson

  3. University of California, San Diego Dept. Pathology, La Jolla, California, USA

    Douglas Richman

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Jenks, J.D., Benson, C.A. (2016). M. avium Complex and Other Nontuberculous Mycobacteria and HIV. In: Hope, T., Stevenson, M., Richman, D. (eds) Encyclopedia of AIDS. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_411-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_411-1

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  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-9610-6

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